Workers Press no. 196

TUC backs down before Tory threat

APR 22 197

PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY •

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER

'OUR approach to co-operation with this govern- ment is no different to any other government',

BY DAVID MAUDE

Trades Union Congress general secretary Vietor

SUBMARINE CAB

policy-makers Feather told for 3,000,000 en-

'OCEAN

gineers and shipyard workers yesterday. It was a speech which brought the headlong retreat or une top urade umon orass belore une Tories, already highlighted bv the Workers Press.

anto ba-saaro locus 1,500 little under ,adre Sh p) Rogers for enso he danges

BY JOHN CRAWFORD

he Torunding talks here Da ons utatist with aes AS EXPECTED, the US Secretary of State, Feather's fort ernment, William Rogers, yesterday announced his plan Roo policy statmet стур те

W KEKS. US

for a 'cease-fire' in the Miádle East.

in fuly il tat two: Nanop rones He Under the cover of a bid s ao duny ou nighe be Hatso likely to talk with tor peace, imperialism Is and onstrüctive, policies on- trying to impose a settle- co Tact ofl he ts fose omeia ment which will maintain vich the new Tory administra- Difference Israel as a base against the Arab revolution, while allowing the Arab rulers rence it made to Stock Exchange Conseryative goyermeent ora to appear 'militant' enough to hold the Arab masses counts its losses in check. Th decisia to e l n over £11,000 request for full, es e State Departmet secese. make good Israel ecided to sses as they occu hai, hạc sahan say, whee Manitone b an Manch Br Dr Jarring aranges ping 2 y 36 day m Manch. Oo incenin, to i ul out of to he colse morane o te- wath est ish lik pre 1005 say l are is octipied in 1967. sack.

BY MARTIN ZARKOP

E matn a oles Role Submarine intoxication at the Tory Fist eletact e in nure on shopreng-list o the te Vsecunt 1 Anl Tary Pilkington trom a mas a cur in to0 Viscount Halsham total fortunes to perilise inen desin acemtim by the mad of the year, to 80 exhuming of Sir Alec. be revealed However, thi inter- Arab statigerent es indulged in next week anti-Zionis him cal be Then cam

BY A POLITICAL REPORTER

• e no imper a asiminacconatior IKI Home secretary Kegınald Maudlıng ıs to visit N Ireland on Tuesday and Wednesday of next week ep Ca ot is beliet i on a Tacl-inding tour, the Home Ofice announcec sany wotr Tet astile Arab, spalism, es ori ton with 1 int o he yesterday. which, Exchange flotec already Martist, derivec Marx hen tas tar examining th Trot ® PAGE FOUR COL.eN L There are thought to be a Cabashan Predecessor James ikintan familonaires it

THE SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE ANNOUNCES

topal of Lay-ofis hich are eder waspead disorae o tad threat at Doxfords intoam "The working class Posts, wil met Chichester

DOXFORD

8 p.m. s and Stormon can defeat the shipyards as the sts ke tot veek engineers enters

CAXTON HALL

Tory government' tays Protean unite ( nr. St James Park tube ) sayes of the strike back at work Charr Uninist Speaker: G. HEALY Chairman: M. BANDA management. claim SLL national secretary Editor Workers Press The strikers at ge spoint neet this weekend. 1 in the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League PRICE 6d. £1000 June Lucas-CAV combine Appeal Fund now at £654 12s 6d WE ARE STILL plod- Yesterday's post ding on. 55 brought in £33 3d, which raises our total to £654 12s 6d. in front of us over the week- davs to go €70 a day.

BY A WORKERS PRESS REPORTER

speed. nenune noish. Post your donation to: DIE CASTERS and plastics workers from Workers Press Appeal Fund, Birmingham's Sparkhill Joseph Lucas plant 186a Clapham High Street, yesterday continued their 17-day, two-round London, SW4 strike for a £9 increase in pay.

They meet today against a background of growing anxiety amongst the "big four' giants - Ford,

INE CABLES LTD.

car British - Leyland, Chrysler

WORKS

and Vauxhall-about their of key stocks electrical

GRENWICH SENIO

components. Lucas's 6,500 laid-off be joined by may thousand can worker The men returned to work on the advice of union officials at the beginning of last week after a ten-day stoppage, but being offered what they asked for. third of have this time been a reta.

HARD LINE

Lucas appears to be taking similar hard comomed sell for produc SOl pay Viv deanna against a stewards submitted by at the Acton site

CAV

Acton engineers walk out A correspondent writes: THE ACTON factory claim tor increases mam and f8 for women in January, has had a tortuous history attempts by the management to link the claim recently taken over be the 'Big by the company that Standard Telephone prouder tele-contro momitor sackings or closures resisted ine system have beem pany. take pace the stewards, who have meeting proposed sackings Monday, the workers voted said that there be at Submarine Cables follow cussion about the a spate closures SE unanimous y the claim is satisfactorily London which have driven Uncl reduncaney noticed Issued women workerd workers at the nant are withdrawn area. The notices were handed The strikers unions 0n1t strike. • Calm This would be linked to the surikers officers after earlier denials are today. introduction 'ranking' laila be fixed for a specited period Stewards E.E.C. entry that calm whar proposals is bles behind these desire stem the rising tide of THE Confederation claims that have been of Ship- favour unions voted in mitted the building Clive over Engineering last resolution moved Unions conference at Douglas.

months Jenkins of the Association of Isle Currently, works order con- of Man. Technical vesterdav Managerial Staffs which clared its fem obnosition to clerks responsible Britain entering the Common tacked the Rome coraline niecework and honic earnings are banning Saturday Market. economic and political effects.

representatives of 25

• PAGE FOUR COL. 6

BY A WORKERS PRESS

also a Communist Part trite Fades Edinburgh and Dis- member. trict Council

CORRESPONDENT

amended resolution

ASTMS 1

"he from be directed to the will nom Edinburg branch National Executive Counci was endorsed by 25 votes to Labour and sidersion:

ASTMS

trade union for their con support the movement "The Edinburgh and Dis- campaign for the con- of this ban.'

CROYDON

triot

TRADES

demns the resent Coles carried the tol. the

THIS

of

RESOLUTION

has Inwino racontion Press by Workers also been meeting Wednesday night: presented to the Labour "This NO. scottish visional Counci Corresnondents' naustra paragraph the Groun as an act ot censor. second amended chin which is dacioner to recolntina sections delete withhold from Maude corres- Industrial the working 'Morning Workers nondent information correspondent. Press from the organization.

that departments *The action are Ine amendment inserted corres made available to the mem- instead pondent clause which bers of this group Star? voting for this by all correspondents in the "We turther deplore the

MUST

con. notion the industria! who the seined WhOe Correspondent of the of Workers Labour movement. Press denand that the Inductrici for exclusion of amendment was lobby orresnondante Workers Press moved in Maude the Correspon Connel dent from this body and we of the rights as the correspondents mem ser of any other daily paper cal unon all sections of the who

APR 22 I071

workers press The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League PRICE 6d. INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER • PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER 196 • FRIDAY, JUNE 26, 1970 'Co-operation' urged by Feather E1000 June Lucas-CAV combine Appeal Fund now at B'ham TUC backs down E654 12s 6d WE ARE STILL plod- strikers ding on. Yesterday's post brought in £33 55 3d, which raises our total to £654 12s 6d. ren of as are the co. fight on before Tory threat i to red ap to in e need a day

BY A WORKERS PRESS REPORTER

Post your donation to: DIE CASTERS and plastics workers from Apreal Funds Birmingham's Sparkhill Joseph Lucas plant 186a CLapton, Sish Street, yesterday continued their 17-day, two-round strike for a f9 increase in pay.

'OUR approach to co-operation with this govern- They meet today against a background of growing ment is no different to any other government',

BY DAVID MAUDE

"big anxiely amonest une Trades Union Congress general secretary Victor four' giants - Ford,

SUBMARINE CABLES LTD.

Cal British - Leyland, Chrysler

"OCEAN

WORKS

and Vauxhall-about their workers stocks of key

WFLINWICH SE 10

electrical yesterday. U.S. "peace' plan componenls. Lucas's 6,500 speech which brought the headlong It was al retreat of the top trade union brass before the ip is ra same oler arworker threat to Arab the Workers Press lories, already nignianted Dv The men returned to work into pin-sharp locus revolution Rogers for

BY JOHN CRAWFORD

rejected. talks here AS EXPECTED, the US Secretary of State,

HARD LINE

William Rogers, yesterday announced his plan uS similar hagate, be taking for a 'cease-fire' in the Mitdle East.

Tuly il to It's not only our right, but Under the cover of a bid ave ports on the . Acton site of its CAV for peace, imperialism is trying to impose a settle- subslalary Nan her the us not This will be the firstratien e West ment which will maintain can influence us. with the new Tory administra Israel as a base against the Acton Difference Arab while Ievulullul engineers allowing the Arab rulers Stock Exchange shake wwi to appear militant enough ith it 300 irrelevant, her to hold the Arab masses walk out counts its losses in check. Pickets out against • PAGE FOUR CoL. 9 -» the ravenient, and wintere A correspondent writes: creases of a86 For does stablishment think.

HOGG HARNESSED

Israel- has sile SE London sackings year endino as knocking is Con But yesterday per-Cens bricocking, ion int the depresented losses as they Brother tele Quintin

AGAIN

Pake pier sure old expecter the • to call fo in Mard Bl mesotations Monday, the is that po 342.6 yesterday mor Lope House made Wood. cussion an an Israeli get or de aration Wall st is liked presspall it dealt with. out areas occupied in 1967.

BY MARTIN ZARROP

investor, eat one to a onchio the Us Feather sier ate ate antie Role election victory. Reset rules bat, the pro First relegated to the Museun Confed. opposes Maudling to Pilkington fortunes to wao e000000 visit Ulster Behind thes E.E.C. entry laim that w. By the end of one, Homing of Sir Successful he rising year, to get desi wate be revealed Meeting this week in Tripol and back Hometon over the celebrations. the rulers of th THE Confederation of Ship ot geent the Tory next week Arab: over statements menes there atiust e calae do the order

BY A POLITICAL REPORTER

• which gove handk

• PAGE FOUR COL. 6 →

into the i theperialist representatives or TORY. Home Secretary Reginald Maudling is to visit and admiration lor pati aime in seven years!

do nothing Councils condemn guerrilne Gaddafilis belief N Ireland on Tuesday and Wednesday of next week ily poverty an on a 'tact-hnding tour, the Home Ofhce announced the yesterday. within Exchange O history ban on Workers Press onitself first year. state eaten as farcet tragedy, Caboshan. predecessor ast se ane tilionat spires in the Pilkington family.

BY A WORKERS PRESS

also a Communist Party

THE SOCIALIST LABOUR

ANNOUNCES

occupation

CORRESPONDENT

Lay-offs fire red to ton a total of from

IMPORTANT PUBLIC MEETING

their

ASTMS

threat at to lead to Fadies Cobnel Di canis band removal Monday June 29, Doxiords "The working class possible, will meet N

RESOLUTION

nish its the me 8 p.m.

DOXFORD

Stormont can defeat the Codistial Corespondent NE 00 forces and warkers NE Pondent of be votes engineers enters

CAXTON HALL

sections Into marking Tory government' ( nr. St James Park tube ) to the mem- are now the noted Lorders Speaker: G. HEALY claims Chairman: M. BANDA management respondents endy si SLL national secretary Editor Workers Press chose represen in the Ibtedly prov are of any other darry pondents meet this weekend, call upon all sections of the occupiea counues.

PAGE TWO

THE NUMBER of crats openly pro-Franco his- torians emerging from British universities today is a sure reflection of the fear of the growing struggle of the working class felt by sections of the petty bourgeois intel- ligentsia. Mr Trythall analyses Franco's life not to warn the working class that fascism is the only way that capital- ism can defend itself in its epoch of decay, but to advise the middle class that perhaps Franco was not so bad after all a studious stoical general who made Spain a peaceful place to live in. 'Officers were doubtless as disturbed as other govern- mental circles by the events of May 1968 in France. This proof of the speed with which a revolutionary situation can develop certainly influenced the introduction of a "state of exception" into Guipúzcoa in the summer of 1968 and into all of Spain for part of 1969. 'Will the fear of bush-fire revolutioniron regime once therefore make for an Franco has gone? Or will pres- sures for Europeanization and democratization be so great that the risk of disorder is run?' As Mr Trythall well knows, democracy is in European absolute disorder because of the forward movement of the working class, and the demo- crats are looking for an iron regime'. However, he sees the work- ing class as just a passive object in history which may have to be dealt with from time to time. He concentrates on a his- tory of diplomatic exchanges and divisions within the bour- geoisie and discusses only briefly the leaderships of the working class. Although there is space to tell of the occasions when Franco had to postpone his marriage, in order to defend Spanish imperialism, the POUM is only mentioned twice and the Spanish Com- munist Party is discussed in terms of its 'Leninist lack of preoccupation with long-term objectives and concentration on the task at hand'. Yet Franco is in power to- day because of the lack of Marxist party in Spain and the betrayals of Stalinism.

Franco, from his first ex- periences in the Spanish army, showed himself an enemy of the working class and colonial peoples. He volunteered to serve in Africa to defend Spanish Morocco against popular movements. Coming from a family with naval traditions, he was full of pride for Spanish conquests overseas. In his diary he gloats over "beautiful advances': 'While one section opens fire on the houses to cover the manoeuvre another slips down by a small cutting, sur- rounds the villages and puts the inhabitants to the sword; the flames rise from the roofs 'of the houses and the Legion- naires pursue the residents.'

No doubt like many an American general in Vietnam he thinks it 'inexplicable how resistant these peoples are to civilization'. Franco's exploits in Morocco made him a national hero. In 1917, he was put in charge of a force to pacify the working class in Asturias where the 1917 general strike had been prolonged. The biography says this was his first contact with the lower orders and made him turn a political science to resolve the paradox of miners who, though not monsters or savages, had not the respect of decent men for patriotism and hierarchy.

His studies confirmed that it was all the fault of com- munists. But Franco needed no books.

He had a whole history of working-class repression to learn from, and shared inter- capitalism's hatred national for the Russian Revolution, which had shown the way for- WALL: ST was given yet another crisis to worry about this week when Penn Central, the sixth largest company in the US, filed a declaration of bankruptcy.

Formed in 1968 by the merger of two main railway firms, the Pennsylvania and the New York Central, with $7,000 million in Central assets, the Penni was expected to be able to make rofit, despite the decline in US railroads since 1945. But the economic recession put paid to these hopes. The Pennsylvania and the New York Central used to be in the most bitter competition. When the merger took place, the component parts proved to be incompatible, technically and temperamentally. The two computer systems which the companies employed and the signalling systems were quite different. One meeting of the merged board nearly broke into a fight over whether the last car on a freight train should be called a 'caboose' or a 'cabin'. When the cash began to run out this spring, a subsidiary firm tried to issue $100 million debentures, but nobody wanted to take it. In the first three months of company lost cash at 1970, the the rate of $700,000 a day.

Huge losses on passenger ser- vices, which the company must provide by law, were no longe being compensated by freight earnings. The US government had to come to the rescue and a plan was drawn up for a loan of $200 million. This would have arrived time, since large in the nick of debts fell due for repayment this week. However, on Friday it was loan announced that the was not going to be given. Nixon had bowed to Senate opposition to setting a precedent for govern- ment money to be spent in this way. The bankruptcy of so large an enterprise will have incalculable but severe effects on the financial situation in the US. Although the 20,000 miles of operating, Penn track are still Central's creditors many are looking on anxiously as this huge chunk capital rolls rapidly downhill.

WORKERS PRESS

Popular Front demonstration, Madrid 1936. Franco (left) with Hitler in October 1940.

'FRANCO'

By J. W. D. Trythall Hart-Davis 42s ward for international prepared to destroy the trade the unions in order to save 'civil- working class. Capitalism, having entered ization', or private property, its definitive crisis, could only endangered by the revolution- offer the working class bar- ary movement of the masses.

barism if this did not General Mola wrote in the class follow the example of Russia.

preliminary for In Europe during the the nationalist insurrection late 1920s and early 1930s, this drawn up on April 20, 1936: It will be borne in mind that choice became clear. Capitalism turned to fascist the action must be extremely terror against the trade unions violent in order to reduce the country after enemy, who is strong and well in country. International Stalinism organized, as soon as possible.

pre- defeats by the Of course, all the leaders of pared massive policy of division of the class political parties associations on the basis that social demo- or trade unions not joining social-fascism and the movement will be im- cracy was later by the rightward swing prisoned and exemplary pun- 'democratic' borugeoisie ishments meted out to strangle to 'the with the policy of the Popular rebellious movements Front. strikes.' In other words, follow Hit- In 1934, the Asturian work- ing class took over the coal- ler and Mussolini. fields. The Minister of War But Franco was only immediately turned to Franco cessful because the workers to lead the army and Moroccan lacked a Bolshevik leadership legionnaires against the miners which could lead the way and to ruthlessly to a socialist revo- crush the Asturian 'October' lution. most ruthlessly. 1936, after The Stalinists liquidated as In the election of the Popular Front govern- quickly as possible any social- ment, Franco and the generals ist opposition, got rid of that tion of the 1lth anniversary of ONE OF the most outstanding indications of the polarization of the Cuban revolution later in the forces and the attendant day. class heightening of political tension The assailants held the United States is the num- in the -the SWP- people in the house- ber of violent assaults on left-

YSA,

defence guards had not at wing militants and organizations.

the time yet arrived-while set- fire with The Pabloite Socialist Workers ting the premises on petrol bombs. Party and their youth movement the Young Socialist Alliance are But last month the attacks no strangers to this problem.

escalated to the most dangerous In the past two years they level. have suffered a continuous series No less than a dozen of bombings of their premises. gusamos Cuban counter-revolutionaries The of this year -heavily armed with submachine beginning brought a much bolder type of rifles and hand guns, guns raid when three armed men took SWP's Los Angeles entered the house in which the SWP campaign headquarters in the over and forced YSA were to hold a celebra- middle of the day and *..... • as dangerous slogan to noW the bureaucracy as the to bourgeoisie--'Death to private property!'-and replaced wor- kers' militias and the control working established by the class over factories, transport etc. by bourgeois, or as they them 'more described dis- ciplined' forms of organiza- tion. Thus, Stalinism demoralized the workers and prepared the victory of Franco. Trythall is silent on these bitter experiences of the work- ing class. After his victory, Franco continued his war against the Bolshevik Revolution by send- ing the 'Blue Division' to help Hitler attack Russia within of the Germans three days the Russian border crossing for 'the battle which • Europe and Christianity have for so many years awaited' (Franco to The National Council of The Falange on July 17, 1941).

At home thousands of workers, peasants and intel- lectuals were shot or im- prisoned. those present to lay face down on the floor. After setting fire to the build- ing with the aid of several the gallon petrol cans of attackers escaped by a side fire exit. * The SWP members were unable to control the resulting inferno and had to flee down the same fire escape. The fire brigade took 15 min- utes to bring the blaze under control, but not before thou- sands of pounds worth of damage was caused. After the war, during which maintained he commercial sides, relations with both Franco found solid support from American capital. In 1950 Spain was granted a $62.5 million loan. On the September 27, 1953, the Madrid Pact was signed giv- ing arms and economic aid in return for permission to have American bases in Spain. * The post-war inflationary boom also gave Franco two huge sources of foreign ex- change-tourism and money sent to Spain by millions of Spaniards working abroad. Now that the boom is over 'elements which these have 'stabilized' the Spanish eco- nomy are being removed, and the question is posed 'Where does Spain go now?'. As Franco was the neces- sary weapon of capitalism in decline, when that decline emerges in a more pronounced form and the working class is undefeated and self-confident, This was the sixth attack of this nature on the SWP in the Los Angeles area in two years.

The necessity for defending its premises and members is now beyond any doubt life-and- a death question for the SWP.

But the revisionists long ago turned their backs on the work- ing class, which is the only force beating capable the onslaught from these right-wing elements. After the May 27 incident the "broad' Citizens' SWP formed a Committee for the Right of Poli- tical Expression, but made no turn to the unions for protec- tion. The June 12 issue of the SWP's paper 'Militant' carries 2 long of the May report bombings, including a detailed account of exchanges between SWP members and local police.

The purpose of the account was to establish that the police were reluctant to follow up leads turned up by the YSA amateur sleuths or to seek information from their agents in the gusanos organizations. While the demand should cer- tainly be that the police find and prosecute those responsible, pressure on the police by 'Free Speech' committees is no sub- stitute for independent action by the working class to defend itself and its leadership.

The US police are active everywhere doing the dirty work for the state machine for that is their function. As the class struggle deepens they more and more hit out murderously at left-wing mili- tants. The Chicago police murder of the Black Panther leaders Fred Hampton and Mark Clark and the subsequent judicial white- Photo indicating arson damage to SWP hall. Friday, June 26, 1970 Reviewed by

PETER BUSH

Spain and international capital again looks for the strong man.

At this point the Stalinist bureaucracy welcomes Franco as an ally against the offensive of the working class. The working class, whose apposition to the fascist re- gime has been shown in strike wave after strike wave, ex- presses the need for a socialist Spain as part of a Socialist United States of Europe. The task is to build a con- scious leadership with a full understanding of the role of Stalinism and the advances of Trotskyism. The Spanish working class certainly knows that fascism has not been reformed in Spain and will quickly learn that Stalinism cannot be re- formed either. It is not surprising that Mr Trythall does not discuss this of the working movement class; instead, he devotes pages to dreams of a liberal mon- archy. Unfortunately for him, the 'disorder' of capitalism has long ago destroyed that dream.

washing is only one case amongst many others. Another part of the SWPs the May 27 on- response to slaughts was a press conference at which their senatorial candi- date Mariana Hernandez called on Nixon, Agnew and her Repub- lican and Democratic Party opponents to condemn - the attacks. These people are, of course, responsible for the CIA--the godfather of the gusanos.

Marxists analyse the develop- ment of the economic crisis and the relation of class forces and the tasks which this poses before the revolutionary party. All the repressions and vio- lence directed at the left and at the labour movement are part and parcel of the bourgeoisie's death agony and of preparation for fascism. The sheltering wing given to fascist tendencies by the crisis- ridden Nixon administration was clearly in evidence after a fascist had raided the

SWP-

group YSA Chicago offices in Novem- ber last year. At a later press conference the group's lawyer- -one S. Thomas Sutton openly displayed materials 'liberated' from

SWP

premises. Sutton was certainly sure of the benevolent closed eye of the authorities when he replied to a question on the legality of the attack: 'We find that there is no law that can protect a traitor.'

* This threat from the extreme right cannot be driven back by a bloc with sections of ruling only through class, but mobilization of the working class for common defence and the struggle for revolutionary politics.

Yet the YSA, with no heed for these basic principles, forms defence organizations on the campuses with Young Democrats and Republicans and even the You extreme Fight-wing, almost fascist, organization. While we stand full square the YSA with the SWP and against the extreme right and Nixon, there can be no departure from the principle that the only defence against the offensive from these quarters is in the fight for revolutionary politics in the working class.

Friday, June 26, 1970

THIS BOOK

by the Perhaps it was the revela- of tion of how two these founder of the Indust- Liberals forces-the British and the British trade union and Commercial rial bureaucracy - brought about Workers' Union (ICU), his downfall which was the for the pub- prime reason Clements Kadalie, is one ishers' refusal to entertain this work -a refusal which of the few useful books lasted for nearly a quarter of until Frank Cass on S Africa. century and Co, having seen the manu- The fact is that among the script, at once agreed to publish it. growing number of recent book is frankly auto- The books on S Africa there is biographical and written as a little that is factually correct, of the rise narrative personal and fall of the ICU. valuable or useful, apart from '300 Years', 'The Role of the Since some of the material provided by another Missionaries, "The Revolu- important

ICU

organizer, tion Against Racialism in A. W. G. Champion, this work S Africa' (not yet in English) first-hand work 1s the only devoted entirely to the ICU and a few other works. itself. Kadalie's biography, pub- lished posthumously, is a must Born in 1896 for anti-apartheid fighters.

Kadalie was born in about Kadalie completed his first 1896 in what is now Malawi.

manuscript in 1946, some 16 He from a family of came years after his political eclipse.

had chiefs which, he records, It took 24 years before the had dealings with Livingstone.

value of his book was recog- His father of the hin business speeing nized builders of the London publishing business. Society Missionary

(LMS)

naturally, not, try to get a churches. publisher.) non-English Kadalie Clement went to Meanwhile this business was the missionary Livingstone turning out scores of political College in 1906. There he was potboilers by inexperienced, influenced by the missionary- untalented writers or by imperialist Dr Laws, who drew for British Liberal- apologists the boy into YMCA work. Social Democracy and ism, Stalinism. When he had passed his finals in 1912 he taught under 1915 left missionaries, and in Nyasaland 'in of quest life', higher civilized working first on Portuguese cotton estate in Mozambique, then on the Shamva and Falcon mines in S Rhodesia. applied During the he wald British to the government at Zomba, capital of the Nyasa- land colony, for enlistment. In search of he enlistmen 1916 Bulawayo went to working on the railways, and 1918 February entrained in first for Kimberley and then for Cape Town, Cape. Here he worked as a packer and messenger. On the advice of a Labou

SMUTS

parliamentary candidate, A.

wanted coloured Barry, who who and for his votes For a long time it has been the 'Europeans- election to almost impossible for a worth- parliament, Kadalie only S Africa while book on to formed the ICU at a meeting find a publisher in England or Hall, Buitengracht in Excelsior Town, January Cape on fered 17, 1919. same hands of British and American The ICU, at once passed out 'freedom of expression'. Barry's influence of (segrega- tion, reformism). The Anglo-American treat- ment of Kadalie's. manuscript, The ICU organized the first was a continuation of the dockers' strike for December attempted obliteration of the 17, 1919, after an agreement himself and of his trade to back the demands of up status and work by all the all-white National Union the forces which British of Railwaymen. imperialism could throw against Kadalie during the late The strike was almost total 1920s. and paralysed the har- great T V

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Chennen. 600 Diary.

CHANNEL:

4.02 irthday Putin's 4.13 Enchanted house. 4.20 Honeybun Road Muir. 11.45 Faith 5.50 London: 5.00 New 7.05 Weather.

TOSSTOCU

Dr

SOUTHERN:

Pil St 4.00 4.15 Sebastian Honcenarty. Zingalong. 4 20 4.55 and Croceroads Thunderbirds. Controllers. 5.50 London. 6.30 Tunkin. by day. Scene South-East. bour for 'three full weeks' (p. 44). Jroops were brought in by Smuts. The all-white NUR broke the agreement and scabbed strikers. The ICU had to call off the strike, but won wage increases in August 1920. The Smuts government tried to deport Kadalie, whose legal appeal to remain succeeded. In October 1920, the dock strike spread to Port Eliza- beth, where Samuel Masabalala led the workers. 7.00 London. 7.30 Weekend. 7.35 Dr in 8.05 Hawaii five-o. the house. 9.00 London. 10.30

NYPD.

11.00 London 11.45 News. 11.55 Weather. Action 70

HARLECH: 2.55-3.55

4.25 Women today., 4.40 Wind in willows. 4.55 Thunderbirds. 5.50 Lon- don. 6.02 Report 0. 6.10 Bugs Bunny. 6.35 Crossroads. Adam 12. 7.30 Man in a suitcase. 8.30 London. 10.30 unny you should ask. 11.00 London.

11.45 Weather. HTV (West) colour channel 61 as above except: 4.23-4.25, 6.01-6.35 Scene West.

HTV (Wales) colour channel 41 as above except: 11.00 dydd. 11.30 Cymru p.m Heddiw. Midnight weather.

HTV (Cymru/Wales) black and white service as above except: 6.01 Y dydd. 6.30-6.35 Report-Wales.

ANGLIA: 3.10-4.10 Showjumping. 4.25 Newsroom. 4.35 4.55 6.00 About Anglia. 6.35 Crossroads.

It takes a thief. 8.00 Jokers 8.30 10.30 Aquarius. "The Jayhawkers' Jeff Chandler, Fess Parker. A Mexican in 1859 is tracked down recaptured after he escapes from prison. 12.55 Reflec- tion. ATV MIDLANDS: 4.02 Women today.

4.10 Peyton Place. 4.40 London. 4.55 Thunderbirds. 5.50 London. 6.00

ATV

today Champions. 6.35 Crossroads. 7.00 London. 7.30 8.30 London 10.30 That girl. 11.00 London. 11.45 Mid- land member. 12.03 Pulse, weather.

ULSTER: 4.15 Enchanted house.

4.30 Romper room. 4.50 News. 4.55 Lost in 5.50 London. Crossroads. 6.00 News. 6.05 pace 6.35 7.00 /iewiinder Cinema: "Interpol' with Victor Mature, Trevor Howard and Anita Ekberg.

An agent of the US anti-narcotics squad is Europe to inter- sent to smash an national dope ring. 8.30 London.

BORDER: 4.00 News. ndon: 4.55 Lost 4.15 Archer5.50 4.40 London. 4.55 in London. 6.00 News. space. Lookaround. 6.35 Crossroads. 7.00 Roundabout. 7.35 Bracken's world. sion. 1.45 News, Vacher:. 9.00 Lon- SepeatS 4.20 2.30-4.17 World 4.30 (repeat). Scotland early. Crossroads. 4.55 little dim S.00 5.25 5.50 London. Lone ranger 6.30 Handful of songs. Scotland now. 7.00 London. 7.30 Name of the game 10.30 In camera. 11.00 London. 11.45 Late call. GRAMPIAN: 4.25 Survival. 4.55 Lanc 5.50 London. 6.00 News Scot 9007,004 Yondon. London. 7.30 Pre 7.35 Name of the Yondon. 10.30 Finders seekers.

WORKERS PRESS

'MY LIFE AND THE ICU'

By Clements Kadalie Frank Cass and Co, 1970 £2 10s reviewed by N. MAKANDA The authorities brought in the ANC quisling, Dr Rubu- sana from East London 'to pacify the strikers'. laid charges Rubusana against Masabalala, who was jailed. The workers demon- strated against this arrest and 20 were shot down in cold blood by police and 'white' civilians. The ICU defended Masa- balala who was acquitted. By the time of the 1921 com- memoration of the struggle, the the ICU was a major force not only in Cape Town, but also in Port Elizabeth, embrac- (so-called ing non-European 'African' and 'coloured') on a non-racial, non-tribal basis.

By 1922 the ICU dockers' union had spread also to East London, largely due to Kadalie's work in the atmo- sphere generated after the First World War, the Russian Revolution and intensified apartheid under the pro-British Smuts regime. The January 1923 ICU con- ference claimed 17 registered branches. This conference was addressed by Labour Party segregationists like Thomas later Minister of Boydell, YMCA delegate Labour, a from the USA and by Rom Mann — an indication of the early Labour, Liberal mission- ary and also genuine militant influences which had been at work earlier on Kadalie and other ICU leaders. Massacre At the time of the 1921 massacre by Smuts' troops and planes of the African pea- sants of Bulhoek, Nationalist Party leader General Hertzog sent a guinea contribution to the Tragedy Fund. This was part of the Afri- kaner Nationalists' wooing of African and coloured support against Smuts. The Communist Party fell for this wooing and actually took part in it. At the African National Congress Conference a resolution, of May 1924, moved by the ICU delegation, to support the Nationalists at the forthcoming elections was carried. (p. 58.) (A small number of Cape Africans had a vote-but no franchise, full since only 'whites' could stand for par- liament under the Act of Union made by the British House of Commons in 1909.)

During the ANC conference, Kadalie and Masabalala met Hertzog in Bloemfontein. The Nationalists undertook to print an election issue of the ICU paper 'Workers' Herald'.

In the election campaign the Labour Party stood together with the Boer Nationalists of Hertzog, and the ICU leaders supported this coalition.

The Labour-Nationalist co-

AKANDA

alition won the election and formed Pact government a which, of course, continued anti-African legislation the and persecution of the former Smuts government. Such was the price of col- laboration paid by the ICU leaders, whose sole consola- tion was that they were not alone, being no different from the CPSA and ANC at the time. Durban In July 1924 Kadalie spread the ICU to Durban, torming unions of Indian and African workers and breaking through the communalism created by Ghandi in Natal. Johannesburg In September 1924 the ICU spread, through Kadalie, to Johannesburg. The ICU entry into the city was at first opposed by the ANC. (p. 67.) When Kadalie returned to the Rand in January • 1925, he was approached by "Mr Taberer of the Chamber of Mines' (mainly British capital) asked to withdraw his and criticism of conditions in the gold mines. Fenner BROCKWAY The police planted an in- former on the ICU National Council. 'White' Liberals, from the Mayor downwards, tried to destroy the ICU militancy with their patronage. 'Certain European women' (p. 85), including Etheldreds Lewis, Winifred Holtby, Dame Thorndyke, Margaret Sybil Hodgson( later Mrs Ballinger, a Native Representative who worked the anti-African 1936 Native Representation Act) in- fluenced Kadalie to steer clear of the Communist Party. The latter was, in any case, suspect in Kadalie's eyes be- cause of its opportunist 'white' middle-class leadership, al- though he did not come out against the CP until 1926 (p.

84) and had CP non-Europeans mem in leading ICU positions in Cape Town, like la Guma and John Gomas. Kadalie's opposition to the CPSA was partly due to the influence of the Liberals and for example, the 1922 strike of 'white' miners against the employment of African miners in semi-skilled jobs.

In the 1922 strike the CP was on the side of the 'white' miners. The Cape Town ICU supporting the African was miners and protesting the cam- paign of terror against Africans in Johannesburg by the strik- ing 'White' miners. This clash made a deep im- pression on Kadalie and others and was one of the reasons for his rejection of the CPSA and the 1926 ICU decision not to allow CP members to hold executive positions. 'Help' Later some of the Liberal anti-Communists (who subse- quently, in the late 1930s and afterwards were fully sup- ported by the CPSA as fellow 'Native Representatives') played a major role in inducing the British trade union movement to send out an 'organizer' to 'help' the ICU. The results of this 'organ- ization' were disastrous for the ICU and for Kadalie himself.

One of the major lessons of his book is that the ICU was destroyed by British Liberal- ism and by the British Labour Party and trade union bureau- cracy-a grave debt to the S African working class which British labour will терау through its own struggle against social democracy and imperialism. Welcomed In May 1927 Kadalie went to the International Labour Conference in Geneva. He was received in London by Wini- fred Holtby and welcomed by Fenner Brockway of the In- dependent Labour Party. (p.

108.) The Liberals and Social Democrats of British imper- ialism prompt to do were what they could with the then famous African trade unionist.

After his return from Geneva, Arthur Creech-Jones, later Labour Colonial Secret- ary, redrafted the ICU Con- stitution (p. 110) along 'British trade union lines', whereby British social chauvinism in- tervened to emasculate

ICU

militancy and to drive it into collaborationist channels.

time, the ICU At that claimed 80,000 members, in- cluding farm labourers (16,000), miners (5,000) dockers (2,500) railways workers (13,000). (p.

112.) 'Advised' In June 1927, while in Lon- don, Kadalie was 'advised' by Brockway, the anti-imperialist who later opposed the anti- imperialist Mau Mau rebellion in Kenya. Brockway introduced Kada- leading Labour Party lie to and trade union figures, he was invited to Westminster and in Scotland he was feted by the David Livingstone Memorial Committee. toured He then western Europe, but a trip to Moscow fell through 'for lack of time'.

(р. 122.) The same shortage of time did not, however, exist for a prolonged re-visit to the Liberals, missionaries and Labour imperialists of England, Germany, Holland Scotland, and Austria. Kadalie's attempt to attend the TUC as a fraternal dele- gate was foiled by what Kada- lie called 'the reactionary set- up of the officialdom in the British TUC at the time, when- ever matters affecting the sub- ject peoples in the British Empire confronted them'. (p.

137) The TUC chose to retain their links with the "white' S African Trade Union Feder- ation rather than recognize the

ICU.

Talks Before leaving England in Kadalie had October 1927, talks about the 'adviser' from the British trade union move- ment for the ICU. The matter was left in the hands of Fenner Brockway and Winifred Holtby. (p. 139.)

After Kadalie's return, the ICU spread as far as Bula- wayo and Mozambique. With a membership of 100,000 the ICU applied to the S African TUC for affiliation in Decem- ber 1927. (p. 148.) The TUC met on December 28 and 30 and in a long memo- randum rejected the ICU on the grounds application that the African workers swamp the privileged would 'white' workers (pp. 149-151.)

The memorandum was signed by R. Stuart and W. H.

Andrews. The latter was the leading member of the S African Communist Party and its first chairman after its formation in 1921. Thus the CPSA, too, took the side of the anti-African workers against the African proletariat.

This action merely confirmed Kadalie's 'anti-communism'.

At the December 1927 ICU conference in Kimberley, the issue of a British 'adviser' was discussed and accepted, after opposition from rank and filers. The British 'friends of the ICU' themselves selected this adviser. The Kimberley conference was followed by another at Bloemfontein, attended by 1,000 delegates (p. 161)-such was the strength of the ICU before the British trade union 'adviser' arrived. What made disaster more certain was the succession of the Natal section of the ICU, shortly under Champion, before the adviser arrived, an event which the Liberals have always used to exculpate the 'advisers' from the British trade union movement. Split The Natal split, however, of the ICU's weakest was provincial section. But this did not prevent the 'adviser' from exploiting the split to • the maximum to 'save' the ICU.

In S African liberatory circles, on the other hand, it has constantly been held that the objective effect of the 'adviser' was the destruction of the ICU and that the Cham- pion-Kadalie split itself was partly the result of Kadalie's association with the British trade union bureaucrats and Liberals during his trip abroad, and, in particular, of the ques- tion of having a 'white' adviser from Britain for the ICU.

The question of the adviser split the Kimberley conference.

After the ICU participation in anti-pass struggle of an April 1928 and during the government's imprisonment of ICU strikers at Onderstepoort political trials of Kadalie and IN STRIFE-TORN Ulster, work- ing man opposes working man.

Why? In other parts of the country working men are fight- hate ing together to improve their lot in life and to remove the privileges held by a few.

Conservatives must surely smile a little as their natural opponents commit genocide.

It must be remembered that the Tories' full title is Conser- vative & Unionist Party. The sting is in the tail. The Unionists the reactionary are rulers of N Ireland. Ever since partition the of Ireland the Unionists have been contributing powder to the keg and the oppressed minority have made continual complaints of gerry- mandering, unfair housing alloca- the like. tions and At Westminster the Unionists vote with the Tories and have done so for nigh on 50 years.

Do the Tories object to their allegiance? Did they ever attempt to right the wrongs in Ulster?

How can workers turn upon each other? This is accomplished by the secret fraternity known as the Orange Lodge, a masonic type organization pledged to up- hold the Protestant supremacy.

THE EDITOR RI

COMRADE Inge is, of course, quite correct to point out the reactionary part played by Unionism and the Orange Order. The Protestant religion has long been the instrument used by the Ulster Tories to keep the workers of N Ireland in subjection. However, it would be wrong to leave it at that. The divi- sions which weaken the Irish working class. are not just a result of Orange propaganda.

As will all questions of ideology, and especially where religion is concerned, the problem is not just what people believe, but. why they believe it. The ability of the ruling class to impose its political leadership on a section of the Irish workers is a product of the oppression of Treland by natior

PAGE THREE

and other ICU leaders, the British 'adviser' finally arrived.

Kadalie set aside a chap- ter called 'Our European Adviser' to deal with this event. (pp. 177-182.) The choice was W. G. Ballinger, sent by the Mother- well Trades Union Congress in July 1928. Kadalie was 'disappointed' with Ballinger from the outset (p. 177). His disappointment was confirmed when Ballinger, instead of travelling with Kadalie by train to Johannes- burg (as Kadalie had arranged with the railway authorities) chose to occupy a 'European' compartment. (p. 177.) At Ballinger's first meeting with the ICU National Coun- cil he was attacked as a dictator' by some members. (P.

178.) Kadalie records that Ball- inger 'put one official at log- gerheads with another' (p. 179) and that in 1929 Ballinger attempted to have Kadalie demoted, forcing his resigna- tion as general secretary, after ten years of the ICU. The bewildered Kadalie, founder of the ICU, found himself in the wilderness, with Ballinger in charge of the ICU.

Ballinger ICU, as The Kadalie scathingly calls it rapidly withered, the split with Natal was complete and the Ballinger-Kadalie split finished off the once mighty organiza- tion. It had taken the British Labour Party and trade union bureaucracy exactly one year to destroy the mightiest single trade union ever known in S Africa, perhaps even in Africa.

Kadalie continued the strug- gle, suffering jail in East Lon- don and ultimate eclipse, while Ballinger marched from the ruins of the ICU to become one of the first 'Native Repre- sentatives' under the anti- African 1936 Native Represen- tation Act, occupying, this time, a seat in a 'Euro- not peans-only' train compartment, 'Europeans-only' the Radamendieder he Nose wher Kadalie November 1951. From a very early age young Protestants through the Orange Lodges, to hate Catholics. Consequently young Catholics are brought up to hate Protestants. All Orangemen in N Ireland Unionists, unless of course are they are supporters of an even organization. more reactionary Most Unionists are Orangemen.

Thus we have a chain-Orange- man-Unionist-Conservative. .

This state of affairs is not unique to Ulster. The Orange Lodge is also active in Glasgow and Liverpool. In the latter city, for example, Orangemen are thickest on the ground in the, Netherfield and St Domingo Municipal Wards.

Here the Conservatives do not contest the seats. They leave them to their allies-the Protes- tants-who for some time now have held these six seats. Thus in these slums and tenaments workers votes are creamed off to help the Conservatives.

What can we call these drum- banging, banner-waving hordes? Loyalists? Patriots? How about suckers? Bill Inge

EDITOR REPLIES

course, British imperialism, and the capitalism inability to solve the problems of Irish society. In the history of Ireland, the Catholic Church has played a major role in frustrating the united struggle for the libera- tion of the country. In the North today, Nationalism, the politics of the Catholic fuling class, is just as eager to keep the workers divided and en- slaved as Paisley is. The unity of the working the defeat of the where Unionists and the ending of What Partition can Marsist Cleaved except under Marxist leader- ship. The flag under which Ire- land will be freed from imperialism will be neither Orange nor Green, but the banner of proletarian inter- nationalism,

Friday, June 26, 1970

WORKERS PRESS

PAGE FOUR

N.E. Grigorenko letter London enclosed docks busmen reveals more hold 2nd Strike deadline pay strike 'hospital' tortures THREE THOUSAND bus- Northern the men General Transport Com- pany and its subsidiaries WHILE LEADING Soviet biologist Dr Zhores overshadows deal are to continue with the Medvedev again atter spending Is now Iree second of their one-day several weeks in a Stalinist 'mental institution', token strikes today in sup- the plight of Major General Pyotr Grigorenko of a claim for poll is worsening. £20-a-week basic wage for In a letter smuggled out to his wife from a Tashkent drivers and conductors. 'mental home', Grigorenko reveals the barbaric methods used by his captors to 'cure' him of his anti-Stalinist Ex-Pabloite views: A MAJOR crisis is growing on London's enclosed hey decidea to break Today stank to every we wit They pla U.S. me immediately. They put docks as employers step up the pressure to push defends me Into a strait-lacket. beat me and choked me through the second stage of the Devlin produc- "peace' tivity deal before the threatened national docks expected Today. Ceylon's strike materializes on July 14.

Tyne plan paries will Ye hire But they have made it land-owners plain that they will not

ALL TRADES

Southampton Ford the ralst Day oner injured

• FROM PAGE ONE

£34 10s to £37 accepted

UNIONS ALLIANCE

COLVIN DE SILVA, Minister for the give a Pate tore in tike strike continues for relurn two salll

MEETINGS

Pantation naustres tne cevion working and the abolition

DRUGS

has told a dele- coalition government,

MANCHESTER

the dece work gation in Colombo that nationalization Transport and General see mating for her recd. 'The working class can de- of the tea estates is not in the govern- sterday as internal tra Medvedev: Freed. Workers' Union. arth is alect that d feat the Tory government' agreement st ment's programme. The deal is still opposed De Silva is a leader of Soviet writer The strike began on Mon- by the National Amal- the Lanka Sama Samaja gamated Stevedores and coording to

CORRECTION

which was once rarly. treatmen Dockers, the 'Blue' union.

Soviet irel bara circle. aids Stalin's affiliated to the Fourth Yesterday chias hoper -more tary-general. International, and which Tory back are and paragraph remained with the organ- dispute has resulted Pablo and wanon rehabilitation Mandel after the 1953 two tween fators mak dock imPossible Spill.

"VICIOUS'

Another anti- SOVIET writer Mikhail Sholokhov has cautiously implet nent orkers in the come out on the side or the present moscow campaig to upgrade Stalin. Major clash Trotskyist smear By a forelan correspondent Class struggle time, leadership French public THE REPUBLICATION of M. Kidron's 'Western Capitalism Since Sorus and canst the arab lam the war by renguin books nas been usea Dy une stalinist Mr r.

Goodwin to smear genuine Trotskyism, which he links with Kidron's employees strike Largely reactionary anti- to undermine the Nast From Mosco Soviet views pounded in the book.

SUBSCRIBE NOW

THE Pompidou government laces strike action on Kidron's Current 'truth' several fronts from French public employees.

Reviewing inchers nress 'Morning bookin the fundamen of June 25, Good- stat lind face nracr

T.U.C.

difficulty win has hittle in presenting the author link hake nener —a leading member of union

- • FROM PAGE ONE

the 'International Social- must be decisively rejected.

ism group-as an oppon- Marxist

WEATHER

the taros with Sholokhov's aic workers press more invest- method. this correct judgement i being revised. The oron worker for ne This is not, however, Goodwin's main purpose. Colvin de Silva. Near normal. Max. 20C Acton claim bond in tas in (resh: On eve of tR. conference Singales Central

• FROM PAGE ONE

the Socialist Labour overtime in support ol a pa the trade ome later. Near nor. campaign after site yesterday mal. Max. I8C (64F) works engineers the in support of a

'GUARDIAN'

Intention Scoland, on the language question in esent kidro fresh, Near nom Not influenced eliminated, principles and theory: the theratists decision ei annies nell owner e Refere Council's.

TUC

'Born in y two daye OR es Sialinist st Mor sabotage day, notice io ee months or three pres 16C (61F), zation of the Arat monins with the workers of s never been more clearly Weekend: Unsettled, Nori Temperatures there at western collective bargainings Crap am High So, Condon swel: 01-720-2000) and policed by unin sion in completely omitted tween the iS and the Stalin near normal. --- ---— afe' fro for this is not would like to subscribe to Workers Press for widespread redundancies. the deon obliginary prove e

SIL AND YOUNG SOCIALISTS

the completes Brooke Bond Tea Address Notorious

SUMMER

Kidron, like the notonou viet Union

CAMP

LATE

NEWS

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mit roast is. Gọođing essex coast miasma' notwithstanding. Print Graphica men. hat have featured sociation provincial EverYone recognizes that in blockers press All-round secretary Hend ali afternoon union thee Newspaper Cambodia Camp

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But this must in below: r black n membere The sion ha asked for a rise call up end the Complete form and send to

BY A WORKERS PRESS CORRESPONDENT

Summer Camp, 186a Clapham High St, SW4.

JOSEPH TO MEET B.M.A

donor Federal Health Please send me details of Summer Camp.

sidy to the State's hospitals.

if State for Socia Archie Davies, explainedive, against Name id dentists - bas Tor govern- Address would rathe ormilack blood have a drop climbing establishing co-operation million-a-year