Workers Press no. 241

workers press The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League

NUMBER

FRIDAY, AUGUST 28, 1970

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER •

PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY •

ONLY THREE DAYS LEFT

Kremlin and

COVENTRY

August Appeal Fund Busmen agree stands at £662 12s 3d up to dez ried in esterda's post, which brings the fund to work-study U.S. to police COVENTRY Corporation Transport bus main- tenance craftsmen have hesitantly accepted the management's plans to carry out a trial time study in the garages. three-year fight

CORRESPONDENT

the arallisi attended meeting 525,00 d Dy paper udy — nat amount raised towards M-East Wednesday agreed by While Istaeli jets bomb Lebation if the foraised fox Trotsky Memorial un ste 31,007 over a two-thirds majority to Soviet-US police accept what many busmen biens aisede the pas rightly consider to be the Sovex strikers (se thin end of the productivity LE force' wedge. e Peit of the orch is planned

TORIES TO

NEW BASIC

Street,

AUCTION

to beein toc regotiations London. SW4. Workers Press, August 11, 1970 than a30 UNITED STATES imperialism and the Stalinist the

LAND

Por mon- bureaucracy in Moscow have agreed to separate More motors 45 US and Soviet forces being stationed in Israel study trial is da backing for

PEACEFUL:

WHEN the Tories abolish and the Arab countries.

PICKETS

une sana commission une officials

UNITE

land it holds will be sold glassmen US and Russian officials have already worked out

-ARRESTED-

TRADE UNIONS ESTH

Duoile ducuon could details of a joint plan to police the Middle East.

nounced the Commission What

MICH TOU

BY A WORKERS PRESS

It is now clear that the

CORRESPONDENT

BY JOHN CRAWFORD

yesterday frequently quoted state- we Where land was to he d ments about us tears or SUPPORT from British- veloped by Soviet

SUPPORT

involvement think: Leyland workers for the fered tor, en

TODAN

Egypt were only meant as calli resolution at the meetin Pilkington glass- sacked irchase béfore it is auctioned blind, while Moscow workers continues to flood

ULSTER:

statements denouncing the Shackles plans of US imperialism the Following the decision of with were equanly Iraudulent. day-shift 1 OR Step to Arase andre rest m. cated system Pickeling too late. introduced in contene efforts the right iner own kind of serlement work. US refuses ind-file com oth morally

PREVENT

RESIGNATION

germ-war Pared in Oxford, Cowley workers treaty was called by yesterday's which are repugnant to inacy, Convenor fined in THE SOVIET draft con- Such disi schemere Middle East conte t distinctions nationalization of the land car vention to ban gas and Fabright now Secomes n Part venile sultan- "This committee Chichester eously in one composite Cank pickets case rejected Guerrillas seize yesterday by the United States. US radio station JOKY MOvas to smash trade union rents took anotne ment liquidated. proclaimed objectives to it step forward at Chester magistrates' court yesterday Britise ca is is: favour of the Upens way atternoon when burman ou site convenor boo Mckenzie wearons aite continu FOUR MEN and a woman of the "Tupamaros' guerrilla was lound gulty of obstructing police durıng a strike organization occupied a radio station in Montevideo.

picket outside the Mersey rennery site seven weeks ago.

Rail fares up £20 capital of Uruguay recently and unsuccessfully attempted sum

BY JOHN SPENCER

GKN

peace for to broadcast a messare. outhern Reglons , • Cheines Leaving, they placed two change saie et de tern

BY DAVID BARNES

ALL TRADES

stewards bombs in the transmitting way Ara complete which caused apparatus

UNIONS ALLIANCE

say 'accept' increases serious damage and put the

MEETINGS

station out of action.

STRIKERS

GKN-

force activists and 'criminals" Sankev meet this morning c were being heard the negotiate present stag to consider a recommend- yesterday allol Trotsky Memorial Lectures the of their stewards to accept lan, sueril Demonstrated plain-clothes taken into the peace formula arrived custoda.™ soriserent and at by the Motor Industry

MORTS LAST WORL

With Ala Joint Council on Wednes-

-VIDENT

Spanish CP condemns

THE VICTORY OF THE

day. the pale

JURTH INTERNATIONAL

GO FORWARD

a decision to velle résume ed nexe tuesday.

THE EST T E ANS EST PAREN

become the dead state

SPANISH

Communist Czech purges

197PTHAT MEANS BUILE

'Mundo paper

THE WI

rarty deprived Obrero' has attacked the Dubcek the reimposition of stalinis cont me workin expulsion from the Czechoslovak Refrained intellectuals Communist Party and warned of preparations political trials in Czech Monday, 14 September Prague. Expelled ustry loint Council has bet "Trotsky's struggle against Stalinism' ress besestin Monday, 21 September Gomez, system "Trotsky's fight against revisionism' expelled.

BEAVER HALL

even in a void the a the toi shown action

GARLICK HILL

Near Mansion House tube were not and a whisked si Starts 8 p.m Admission 2s stratrate we employers plans almost unanimis postion editoria agreement vention, Czechoslovak Both lectures given by G. HEALY (SLL national secretary)

workers press The daily organ of the Central Committee of the Socialist Labour League PUBLISHED FROM TUESDAY TO SATURDAY • NUMBER 241 • FRIDAY, AUGUST 28, 1970

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER

ONLY THREE DAYS LEFT

Kremlin and

COVENTRY

August Appeal Fund Busmen agree stands at £662 12s 3d sp to Doz rise din yesterday's post, which brings the fund to work-study U.S. to police COVENTRY Corporation Transport bus main- tenance craftsmen have hesitantly accepted the management's plans to carry out a trial time study in the garages.

CORRESPONDENT

three-vear fight Alter a the scheme, 525,00 Dy paper tuady — inal amount ralsed attended meeting

LOWETTE

Wednesday agreed by While Israeli jets bomb Lebanon lemorial Fund ust 2 ver 31,000 over the fo paised for Trotsk a two-thirds who bf used Ing is doue response for the policies of de theress accept wilal many busmel study rightly consider to be the The insister thin end of the productivity bu HE force' that no wedge. Desi est boc one our are are a de me Despite the easiness of the men was un penelope t fort ! too ate — send vou is planned

TORIES TO

Workers Press,

NEW BASIC

Appeal 186a CI Street,

AUCTION

• begini on a new basic rate, Workers Press, August 1l, 1970 sic rate, UNITED STATES imperialism and the Stalinist

LAND

More motors bureaucracy in Moscow have agreed to separate 45 US and Soviet forces being stationed in Israel backing for

PEACEFUL

WHEN the Tories abolish and study is dangerou

BURMAHE SHELLE

the Land Commission the and the Arab countries.

PICKETS.

glassmen lana it nods will be sold US and Russian officials have already worked out

- TRADE UNIONSESTIG

ARRESTED

auction, details of a joint plan to police the Middle East.

puonc TCH Tou productivity

BY A WORKERS PRESS

nouncea me commission What It is now clear that the recent " British-Leylan yesterday.

CORRESPONDENI

frequently quoted

BY JOHN CRAWFORD

prove otherwise be de ments about Us "tears' of SUPPORT from British- Sussers an

SUPPORT

Soviet involvement Think Leyland workers for the

TODAY

rejectioeting Egypt were only meant as calling olution at thet sacked Pilkington glass- Cairo daily — refused purchase before it is auctioned Moscow No blind. While to Pas tore radical guerrilla workers continues to flood weeks no

ULSTER:

statements denouncing the The Commission was set up Shackles thene Labour nans or s imnemansm Leand Not were equally fraudulent. sto block that lombiand •On development. Step to agement's plans before it be id trodeced i suppormen Pickeling Commission sideric the right work. i estand and ole US refuses heir own kind of settlement.

Arab nationalist and enancially Post", While the Pop

PREVENT

RESIGN TO reland. Robert "Ine ular Front for ger'u-wal ent the nevit 'peace plan, it has change orator Trade Union speculatior Treaty source of great wealth never a possible ree more Swinden district at " Guardianed by Convenor fined in Failure of the Labourite's THE SOVIET draft con- scheme Middle Ba Programme nation zition othe and simultan- The strategy fat while thousands lack de weapulls declare eously in pickets case cent housing. United Nations eat be- fight b rejected utterly was yesterday by the United Guerrillas seize refull part for there States. would be onard stat beration move- 'In the TORY MOVES to smash trade union rights took another : the Chichester-Clark minion we used. radio station such a worership to step forward at Chester magistrates court yesterday trico as mack afternoon when Burmah Oil site convenor Bob McKenzie Opens way British White c was found guilty of obstructing police during a strike rouk van and a woman or tne 1upamaros querria all the oil monopoles able picket outside the Mersey refinery site seven weeks ago.

organization occupied a radio station in Montevideo, 'Gas and chemical defoliant Rail fares up and the sue Canal reoponed oil monopol of E50 capital or Uruguay recenuy ana unsuccesstuny attempted the Vieteameday use against su tort

BY JOHN SPENCER

GKN

to broadcast a message. peace and olfares from Leaving, they placed two 1 after the hearin Mickenzie, wer stewards

-Y DAVID BARNES

ALL TRADES

bombs in the transmitting pay must day tickets. rse, sa certainly he Arab people.

UNIONS ALLIANCE

tha aboaratus WICh caused say 'accept' appeal. serious damage and put the

MEETINGS

stanion our or acton directed von bank et the Tordan west-

GKN-

September 6, LONDON: Sendela a message wised the s againsts and evinials olitical a0stron Sankey meet this morning Tavern The Tories and and sponsored to consider a recommena- Their day, from wilo be the ation from the majority la leaders 10 Trotsky Memorial Lectures guerrilla leaders to up on ts will have to pay or their stewaros to acceou the 'peace formula' arrived and i the us custody,

IAMCONE

WORDS

al ov une motor inaustry Joint Council on Wednes- Neerican

DENT OF

Spanish CP condemns

THE VICTORY OF THE

izing the Chichester-Clark

FOURTH IN

TERNATIONAL

GOFORWARD..

there is weil be resumed next Tuesday pressure by appointing

SPANISH

Czech purges

19% THAT MEANS BUI

of the formula were Ter sept communist i bet Unore Stain. last year, said: Liberals being paper 'Mundo

THE WCH.

Party highly. declares Chrero has attacker the terim ris Dubcek the reimposition of Stalinist aders cond expulsion the the reimposition ajorit Refrained Irom the czecnos ovak negotiated, agreements Communist Party ductivity warned of preparations the illegal cells Be pian fo7 The 5,000 strikers had stood vations Spain political trials nee pidn on to loss-the-board for Monday, 14 September

'DEATH'

Prague. Expelled the ton or Nasser ati *Nonetheless, a yery "Trotsky's struggle against Stalinism' warcla ude to them. until 1969, Monday, 21 September incework "Trotsky's fight against revisionism' have arge straignt wage been

BEAVER HALL

'If it is possible should avoid the fact that case ahe first halt of 1968, the clandes with who

GARLICK HILL

Meanic ine questions and from the ce Near Mansion House tube in power need to Viti- ole denunciation i whisked the intere Admission 2s Starts 8 p.m. vould back in a clash betw

• PAGE FOUR COL. 1

Both lectures given by G. HEALY (SLL national secretary)

AND REVOLUTION

PAGE TWO

'LITERATURE

and Revolution' is best known for its attack on the idea of a proletarian culture'. Put forward by groups of artists and writers after the Russian Revolution, this idea soon played into the hands of Stalinist bureaucracy, the which tried to give some special historical value to the products of Russia's back- wardness and isolation. This, the theory of socialism in one country' and all that went with it, was the bureau- cracy's programme of opposi- tion to Trotsky's insistence on the revolutionary role of the working class and the defence and development of dialectical materialism. The task of the proletariat was and is to create a classless society in which art and all culture will be 'truly human', and its class character sur- passed. In the course of the many years of proletarian revolution, there would be developments in art which would inevitably reflect the problems and achievements of the revolution, but even that art which could be called 'revolutionary' (not "socialist' or 'proletarian') is produced in the context of artistic traditions, definite according to the past achieve- ments within each art form etc., and is not freshly baked according to some recipe de- duced from the nature of the proletariat: It is untrue that revolu- tionary art can be created only by workers' (p. 217). And what is the dialectic of artistic and literary creations?

Obviously Marxists do not think that each novel, poem, play, painting etc., is simply unique expression of an individual's imagination. It is that, but, for it to mean some- thing to others, it must express something common to those who read, see or hear it.

Historical materialism shows that the characteristic atti- tudes, assumptions and modes of feeling of any epoch are not 'natural', however much they are taken for granted. These thoughts. and sentiments grow out of (and also then help to give shape to) the necessary economic foundations of life, and especially from the in- terests of the classes which their relation foundation. Individual If Marxists say then that an artist (writer, painter, . Poet particular etc.) expresses a class or section of a class or group of classes under the impact of particular historical experiences, choices etc., does this mean that the individual talent and uniqueness of the artist is set at naught? That would be a totally un- dialectical conclusion: 'One of the most important tasks of criticism is to analyse the individuality of the artist (that is, his art) into its com- ponent elements, and to show their correlations. In this way, criticism brings the artist closer to the reader, who also has more or less of a "unique soul", "artistically" unexpressed, "unchosen", but nonetheless representing a union of the same elements as does the soul of a poet. 'So it can be seen that what serves as a bridge for soul to soul is not the unique, but the through common. Only the common is the unique known; the common is determined in man by the deepest and most which persistent conditions make up his "soul", by the social conditions of education, of existence, of work and of associations. "The social conditions in historic human society are, first of all, the conditions of class affiliation. That is why a class standard is so fruitful in all fields of ideology, including art, and especially in art, be- cause the latter often expresses the deepest and most hidden social aspirations. 'Moreover a social standard not only does not exclude, but goes hand-in-hand with formal with the criticism, that is, standard of technical work- manship. This, as a matter of fact, also tests the particular by a common measure, because if one did not reduce the I would like inform Fill in the form below and si

SECRETARY, SOCIALIST L

186A CLAPHAM HIGH ST, L

Name Address particular to the general there would be no contacts among people, no thoughts and no poetry' (p. 60). It is therefore precisely in those attitudes and values which individuals (and artists themselves) do not question, but "take for granted' and express naively, in relation to all sorts of questions (the family, love, personal integrity

TROTSKY

etc.), that their deepest assumptions are expressed, and it is these deepest assumptions that are moulded by the most basic, class-historical interests.

(This illuminates the well- known fact that Marx and Engels, for example, never judged writers by their explicit political opinions, but only by their artistic success in pene- trating to these basic ques- tions. Engels even said that a literary work would be better, from the proletarian stand- point, if it was not politically • of ev explicit.) 'Incriminating Opponents of Marxism, in Trotsky's day as now, objected to the Marxist analysis, com- plaining that it was simply a of blackening or way 'incriminating' a writer by pointing to his class affiliation or interest. Trotsky, in replying, elabor- way Marxists ates on the should approach these ques- tions: '[Marxism] does not at all "incriminate" a poet with the thoughts and feelings which he expresses, but raises questions a much profound of more significance, namely, to which order of feelings does a given e information about below and send to NATIONAL

OCIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE,

HIGH ST, LONDON, SW4.

artistic work correspond in all its peculiarities? What are the social of these conditions thoughts and feelings? What place do they occupy in the historical development of a society and of a class? And, further, what literary heritage has entered into the elabora- tion of the new form? 'Under the influence of what historic impulse have the new complexes of feelings and thoughts broken through the shell which divides them from the sphere of poetic conscious- ness?' (p. 170). sentence in this The final quotation begins to answer our question: what is the struggle of opposites at the root of artistic creation? As Trotsky sees it, there exists the whole tradition of creation; 'the past literary sphere of poetic consciousness'.

Inevitably, in class society of every type, this 'sphere' has been relatively and often com- pletely isolated from the life and sentiments of the masses.

The breakthrough of a new class in history, and its rela- tion to the lives and feelings of all the oppressed masses, changes all these relationships, conflicts with and the old 'new his- forms. Under this toric impulse' the 'new com- plexes of thoughts and feelings' break through 'the shell which them' from divides poetry, from art. Enriching To a certain extent the changes taking place in social reality are always tending to modify the literary conscious- only • in revolutionary ness; periods are the conditions created for profound changes, and there is then often a long interval before the new class, its interests, and its charac- teristic feelings, come to define and work out artistic styles.

'Artistic creation is always a complicated turning inside-out of old forms, under the influ- ence of new stimuli which originate outside the art' (p.

179). The old forms are developed and transformed, not created completely anew by the new Here Trotsky, in a passage which recalls Lenin's exposi- tion of the dialectical theory of knowledge ('Philosophical Notebooks'), insists that the literary forms developed by writers in the past are an acquisition of mankind in handling the problems of life.

They must not be thrown away but dialectically overcome: whose methods Literature, and processes have their roots far back in the most distant past and represent the accu- mulated experience of verbal craftsmanship, expresses the thoughts, points of feelings, view and hopes of the new epoch and of its new class' (p. 180). This applies to the forms and techniques of all the arts, some of which are now of course like film) directly associated with the develop- ment of science and the forces of production. Past literature and art, there- fore, while having a class character determined by the type of exploitation of the ruling class, also represents the progress of humanity in its contradictory historical course: 'What the workers will take from Shakespeare, Goethe, Pushkin or Dostoievsky, will be

IMPORTANT RI

A SOCIALIST LABOUR LEAC

Available from New Park publications 186A Clapham High St. SW4.

WORKERS PRESS

In Two Parts—Part One appeared in yes a more complex idea of human personality, of its passions and feelings, a deeper and pro- founder understanding of its psychic forces and of the role of the subconscious etc. In the final analysis, the worker will become richer' (p. 225). In other words, Shakespeare, Goethe etc., the giants of bour- geois literature, did not only develop literary forms, but forms through those made genuine discoveries about the nature of man. Art and litera- ture thus have a distinct role of enriching man's perception and capacity for life. For the proletariat to appro- priate these cultural gains, it must concentrate all energies—— through the leadership of a revolutionary party based on Marxism - to the overthrow of capitalism and the establish- ment of its political power.

This provides the conditions for creating a classless society.

The Russian Futurists wanted to work out an art and literature just from this revo- lutionary nature of the pro- • letariat, condemning the 'individualism' of bourgeois literature. The dangers in- volved in such an attitude of revolt rather than revolution are indicated by the fact that their fellow-Futurists in Italy themselves intimately found associated with Mussolini's fascists, who also took a new broom a way the to sweep • 'decadence' and 'individualism' of 'democracy' and the 'old world"! "Thre hold' Trotsky points out that the proletariat, by its revolution, only puts itself 'on the thres- hold!, culturally speaking.

'When the Futurists propose to throw overboard the old literature of individualism, not only because it has become antiquated in form, but because it contradicts the collectivist nature of the proletariat, they reveal a very inadequate under- standing of the dialectic nature of the contradiction between individualism and collectivism.

"There abstract are no truths. There are different kinds of individualism. 'Because of too much indivi- dualism, a section of the pre- revolutionary intelligentsia threw itself into mysticism, but another section moved along the chaotic lines of Futurism and, caught by the Revolution - to their honour be it said — came nearer to the proletariat.

'But when they who came nearer because their teeth were set on edge by individualism, carry their feeling over to the show them- proletariat, they selves guilty of egocentrism, that is, of extreme indivi- dualism. "The trouble is that the average proletarian is lacking in this very quality. In the mass, proletarian individuality

ORTANT READING

The Transitional Programme adopted by the Founding Conferènce of the Fourth International with the Statutes of the. Fourth International

LABOUR LEAGUE PAMPHLET

have risen from those walled independent bulletins to an craftmanship of art. "The proletariat also needs a continuity of creative tradi- appeared in yesterday's Workers Press tion. At the present time the proletariat realises this con- not directly, but in- tinuity directly, through the creative bourgeois intelligentsia which towards the pro- gravitates letariat and wants to which keep warm under its wing.

"The proletariat tolerates a part of this intelligentsia, sup- ports another part, half-adopts a third, and entirely assimilates a fourth. 'The policy of the [Soviet] Communist Party towards art is determined by the plexity of this process, by its internal many-sidedness. impossible reduce It is to this policy to something short like a bird's bill. Nor is it necessary to do this' (p.

227). It is the release of the pro- ductive forces by the new

PART 2

social relations of collective socialism which lays the basis for "truly human' culture the of the future. The content of has not been sufficiently formed will constitute a this culture and differentiated. re-working of the cul- whole It is just such heightening tural heritage of past class objective quality and of the societies in the context of quite the subjective consciousness of new tasks. individuality that is the most Men no longer confront their valuable contribution of the destiny as some blind fate or cultural advance at the thres- as a set of powers exercising hold of which we stand today.

uncontrollable power. It is childish to think that will, They under com- bourgeois belles lettres can 'the be associated munism, make breach in class producers', consciously creating solidarity' (p. 225). and catering for human needs, with the contradiction between We return, then, but on the common interest and basis of the most fundamental the free development of the indivi- historical and theoretical con- of dual resolved. siderations, to questions 'And as all problems in a the workers' policy state socialist society-the problems and the Bolshevik Party. of life which formerly were The Bolsheviks represent solved spontaneously and auto- and lead the working class and matically, and the problems of must determine its policy to- and art which were in the custody wards other classes wards the literary intelligentsia, of special priestly castes-will become the of all of whom seek in the property some one can say with cer- Revolution a new source for people, ( tainty that collective interests their creativity. and individual and passions 'In struggle for the will have the competition preservation of continuity in widest scope and the most un- the left wing arustic culture. limited opportunity.. of the old art, whose social "It will be the aesthetic basis has been destroyed by schools around which "parties" the Revolution more will collect, that is, associa- thoroughly than ever before in of temperaments, of tions history, is compelled to seek and of In tastes moods. support in the proletariat, or struggle So disinterested and at least, in the new social en- tense, which will take place in vironment which is being culture whose foundations formed about the proletariat.

are steadily rising, the human 'In its turn, the proletariat personality, with its invaluable takes advantage of its position basic trait of continual dis- as ruling class and tries and content, will grow and become begins to make contacts with polished at all its points.

in general, and thus art to 'In truth, we have no reason prepare the ground for an un- to fear that there will be a precedented influence of art. decline of individuality or an In this sense it is true that the impoverishment of in arl factory news-bulletins pasted socialist society' (pp. 231-232).

on their walls represent a very *Literature and Revolution' necessary, though very remote, is of the classics of one premise for the new literature Marxism. of the future. Trotsky's vision of the 'No one, however, will say: future society, of communist Let me cross out everything man, has often been praised else until the proletariat shall for its passion and nobility,

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thin grave. 6.10 Doing their 6.45 Film: Fort "Escape from With William Holden, Eleanor Parker. John escape attempt four prisoners of the War. 8.25 London. American Civil 10.30 Name of the game. TEES: 4.35 News, 5.50

TYNE

4.40 Lon- don. 4.55 Thunderbirds. News. bott mo dor the sea. 7.30 Vor fee moves.

the sea. 7.30 If it moves, file it. 8.00 I spy. 9.00 London. 10.30 With Movie: "The misfits'. Clark Gable, Marilyn Monroe. Roslyn in Reno to get a divorce, lonely and very uncertain of her own emotions. 12.45 News. BORDER: 4.13 News. 4.15 Room 222.

4.40 London. 4.55 Forest rangers. 6.05 Bor- 5.15 London. 6.00 News. der roundabout. 6.35 Crossroads. 7.00 Sky's the limit. 7.30 Ours is a nice house. 8.00 It takes a thief. 9.00 10.30 Movie: London. 10.00 News. "The safecracker', With Ray Milland, Tones, Barry Jeannette Sterke. From the honest job of an expert on locks to the criminal of safecracker one step for Colley is an Dawson easy after he meets an unscrupulous an- tique dealer. 12.10 News and weather.

SCOTTISH:

4.15 Dan. 4.30 Cross- roads. ( 4.55 Voyage to the bottom News. 6.05 of the sea. 5.50 Mad 635 Maker movies. country style. 7.05 Name of the game. 8.25 London.

11.00 Songs re- 10.30 Festival now. membered. 10.30 Late call.

GRAMPIAN: 4.30

Rumblie 5.50 me. 4.55 Land of the giants. News. Weather. 6.10 Nanny and the profes- 6.35 SOr. Crossroads. 7.00 Sky's the limit. 7.25 Preview. 7.35 Garrison's gorillas. 'Now I lay me down to die' 8.25 London. 10. 30 Never say die. 11.00 Outer limits. Road report.

Friday, August 28, 1970 THROWN INTO deep crisis by the movement of the international work- ing class and the growth of the Fourth Inter- national the British Com- munist Party is today unable to answer any of the fundamental ques- tions about its own his- increasingly tory now being posed inside and outside its own ranks. Instead it is forced back upon the same slanders and distortions of history that did duty during the 1930s, when Stalin's GPU was engaged in the physical extermination of Bolshevism and of the revolu- tionary party built by Lenin.

But while Stalin was able to physically liquidate the leaders of Lenin's Bolshevik Party— including Leon Trotsky - he was unable to exterminate Bol- shevism and the Fourth Inter- national, which today con- tinues in a vastly more fav- ourable situation, the work and struggle of •Lenin and Trotsky. Main barrier Stalinism today is the chief counter-revolutionary force.

It is the main barrier between the working class and the achievement of working- class power; not only inter- nationally, but in Britain as well. 'Stalinism in Britain', pub- lished next Monday, is a 'must' for all those, both inside and outside the Communist Party, who want to understand how the party-founded fifty years ago almost to the day as a sec- tion of Lenin's Third Inter- national-became the counter- revolutionary and reformist organization it is today.

The book began as a reply to a slim booklet published by the Party under the title Ultra- Workers in Florida's citrus groves.

BRITI

Leftism in Britain'. Written by anti-Trotskyist Mrs veteran reproduced, in very the pamphlet Betty slightly updated form, all the slanders against Trotskyism which her mentor J. R. Campbell retailed during the 1930s. But 'Stalinism in Britain' does much more than simply refute Mrs Reid's lies. Drawing on from material the Stalinists' own publications and speeches, Workers Press foreign editor Robert Black shows how the leaders of the Party participated to the full in every betrayal of the work- ing, class carried out under Stalin's leadership. He traces their slavish adherence to the criminal politics of the Soviet bureau- cracy not only overseas - in China, Germany, Spain, Italy and Greece-but inside Britain itself. And above all, the book lays the ghost of the Stalinists' favourite myth: that everything they did was with the aim of assisting the Soviet Union and maintaining the conquests of the October Revolution. As Black shows with the aid of quotations from impeccahle Party its Stalinist sources, leaders consciously served the interests of British capitalism when they broke strikes during the war. how, The book shows despite vacillations of political line-from the 'third Period' to the popular front and from period of the 'imperialist the war' to the 'war for democracy' -the content of the CP lead- ership's politics remained counter - revolutionary and towards directed preserving British capitalism and strengthening Labour the bureaucracy, as well as pre- serving bureaucratic domina- over the Soviet working tion class. Black begins by systemati- cally demolishing the Stalinist myths about Trotsky's rela- tions with Lenin and his part in the October Revolution. He establishes that not only were

STALINISM IN BRITAIN

Published by New Park Publication Price 22s 6d (soft cover)

BETTY REID

Trotsky and Lenin in political solidarity on the basic ques- tions after Trotsky's adherence to the Bolshevik Party in 1917, but that, in the last period of Lenin's life, this solidarity was directed against Stalin. Lenin's final political act before the stroke which led to his death was to establish a bloc with Trotsky to fight against the growing bureau- cracy headed and nurtured by Stalin, and to break off all relations with Stalin. The book contains ample textual evidence, drawn from Lenin's works, to show that Lenin at no time accepted the theory which later formed the Stalinism - the cornstone of nationalist concep- reactionary of 'socialism in one tion country' Having thus demonstrated the fundamental political and solidarity between theoretical Lenin and Trotsky, the book goes on to show how the Stalin leadership carried through its betrayals in China and in Ger- -and in Britain during many the 1926 General Strike-and, LAST WEEK we reported on the state of the auto indus- try; and on the fact that the auto workers, the highest paid section of American workers, are falling further and further behind the cost of living increases. However, there are millions of below American workers bare subsistence level: the most powerful capitalist country in history them on the maintains verge of starvation. worker suffers The migrant the worst conditions of all. He average only 49 years. lives on His death rate from influenza the and pneumonia is twice national average. The incidence of deaths from tuberculosis migrant workers is 2} among times the average, and accidental deaths are three times as and maternal frequent. Infant mortality rates are 125 per cent above the national average.

The investigation Migra- on instigated by tory Labour States Senate sub-com- United mittee chaired by Senator Walter Mondale, is only the most recent in an endless series of govern- mental inquiries. The facts are well-known.

Witnesses have levelled parti- cularly attacks at the strong Coca-Cola Co. for their treat- of migrant workers ment employed to pick the Florida citrus crop. bought Minute Maid Since it orange juice in 1960, Coca-Cola has become one of Florida's larg- growers and land- est citrus owners. Coke owns or controls now 33,000 of citrus some acres and three processing groves plants.

WORKERS PRESS

JUST

ark Publications

OUTI

This cartoon appeared on the front page o Stalin's death. The headline read: 'STALIN, T just as important, how the leaders of the Communist Party not only accepted but glorified these betrayals.

Black shows, too, the con- scious character of the betrayal Stalin carried through in Ger- many-the betrayal which led to Hitler's seizure of power in he demonstrates, 1933. As responsibility for this crushing defeat, which set the German and world working class back several decades and made the Second World War almost in- evitable, lies fairly and squarely with the leaders of the world Communist, Parties — and the its full British Party bears share of this responsibility.

The so-called 'Popular Front' period which followed the de- feat of the German working class in 1933 is regarded by present Party leaders as a kind Forget of 'golden age'. When they are busy attack- ing genuine revolutionists as 'sectarians and splitters', they prefer to quietly forget the disastrous errors of the "Third Period', when Stalin's bureau- cratic sectarianism led to the crushing victory of Nazism.

Instead, people like Reid, Matthews, Gollan and their ilk extol the virtues of the class-collaboration policies fol- lowed by the Stalinist parties employs about 1,000 It day throughout the migrants a eight-month harvesting season.

the Minute Conditions at Maid grove at Frostproof are typical. The workers are herded into house 200-300 that quarters is no hot water, people; there no indoor plumbing or toilets.

According to a witness before committee, the absolute the 'social control' maintained by the corporation is even worse.

When a worker is ill, it is not a doctor but the foreman who determines whether or not he can work. And his decision is final. the worker refuses to go If groves he faces out in the means total eviction; eviction loss of income, medical support, housing and food. Children have no place to generally they hang play, SO around with their parents as they pick. Anyway, they are needed to pack oranges. NOT SO LONG ago General juana Giap--the North Vietnamese military commander, stated that the morale of US troops in Vietnam was 'grass high'.

This is now tacitly conceded by the US High Command, who are extremely concerned about the prevalence of drug-taking by US forces in Vietnam. lieutenant and A two ser- geants, military spokesmen said, were recently tried and found guilty drug offences on Mercedes-Castle air base, Cali- fornia, last year. The Thomas lieutenant, McDonough, had offered mari-

REVIEWED HERE BY

JOHN SPENCER

491 of the Daily Worker of Friday March 6 1953—the day following page read: 'STALIN, THE ARCHITECT OF SOCIALISM IS DEAD' during the 1935-1939 period.

In Germany, the Black thoroughly exposes the applied. East German premier Walter policies with which the Stalin- Ulbricht, then a functionary of ist parties took the pall so-called 'People's Fronts'.

He Party-in-exile the German in Moscow, shows how this period sprang made the following out of the "Third Period' and incredible statement: how it served the 'When the middle - class precisely same counter - revolutionary papers declare in one article England fighting ends. that is for well freedom and report in another As is Kitish Parte the of the British the leaders article in the same paper were among the most slavish arrest of fighters for freedom, Moscow of the workers' supporters of the the muzzling Trials, press, the establishment of con- which took place pre- they special cisely at the time when centration camps and selves with to heir diate them- laws against the workers, then the German workers have the selves their own bour- Liberals - with proof before their eyes that the geoisie - and 'patriotic' Tories-—in the inter- ruling class in England is carre ests of the Soviet bureaucracy's war against woking class, and that, if Cere to Black is able, with the aid conquered, "Black many were of quotations from the Stalinist German working class would press of the time, to show how be treated in the same way.

the campaign against Bolshev- Unprincipled ism inside the USSR combined politics of inter- with the Stalinist class-collab- national Those who might think that oration. Ulbricht had plumbed the ulti- Stalin's turn towards Hitler depths in the period of 1939 the British in caught Stalin-Hitler Pact were to the Stalinists unawares. some even more unprin- cipled action from the British But they swallowed this de- Stalinists velopment too without baulk- during the next Until the invasion of the period of the war, after the ing. invasion of the USSR. Soviet Union in 1941, they castigated British imperialism Once again the abrupt change of the British -which previously they had line caught Stalinists unawares. exalted 'democratic and as Indeed for weeks before the maintained discreet silence about the position of German the British CP press invasion, devoted a good deal of space to imperialism. TENS of thousands of US miners have been engaged in bitter unofficial strikes in months only recent not Migrant workers are the worst against the naked corruption paid of all. of union leaders but also the 78 days' They only for an open collusion of the Nixon work year, 891 dollars. annual income administration with mine- specifically exempted They aure and work- from unemployment owners. men's compensation benefits.

outside the Migrants 60.000 One strike, involving all alou National Labour Relations Act.

through three

SWCOL

dis- The employers certainly -Pennsylvania, Ohio, and states- play no racial or national bias.

West Virginia- -closing 50 pits. Mexican whites, To that the HuCS all blacks, Puerto enjoy in a life-and-death struggle is no the benefits of migrant work.

figure of speech, but fact. no geographical before the 50-pit strike And there IS bias. Migrants exploited and the Nixon administration are New York announced proposals to slash $40 abused from state to Michigan to Texas. California, million from the mines' safety- Paul Austin, president of research budget. This takes place the of Coca-Cola, told committee against background he had remained ignorant of the continuous fight to get even the migrants' conditions eight rudimentary standards of the newly-enacted Federal Coal Mine long years. he discovered the Health and Safety Act enforced. And when To real state of affairs? give just one example, the limit of emitted daily He was appropriately shocked Indeed, three tears supposed to be 100,000 cubic and horrified. actually buried themselves in his feet. Yet this is exceeded in 200 thick carpet.

EW HIGH IN MILITARY MORALE

• juana and LSD to plain-clothes tion to the Army, the war, the police investigators. draft and military discipline.

in He one among many: Marine threatened When one 1969, almost 26,000 cases of pot report his comrades for

YUL

smoking were investigated in the nearly killed smoking, he was compared armed services, grenade rolled his by under with only 17,000 in 1968.

bed. As might have been expected, Drug-taking also provides the part of these cases a good i were Army with a convenient explan- in Vietnam. ation for outbreaks of fighting different of US between groups and even servicemen, surest sign of Drugs the troops shooting at their helicopters the demoralization and unwilling- which, ness to fight of an imperialist apparently, is not uncommon.

army. Pentagon This is also the first sign of However, the says, while drug-taking is collapse of discipline of any army.

a problem, part of it has not in any way impaired Marijuana smoking 1S military readiness or morale.

the troops' generally hostile reac-

A TROTSKYIST AN

BY ROBERT I

pooh-poohing any idea that Hitler would invade Russia.

They proved absolutely in- capable of rendering the slight- the Soviet support to est working class in the period when Hitler was building up his forces ready to strike.

On the eve of the invasion, the Young Communist League carried headline paper 'Why is Ambrose's band being taken off the air?' - a com- mentary on just how seriously the Party prepared its mem- bers for the turn in the war.

The invasion was the signal for a 180-degree turn by the Stalinists: from being oppon- British imperialism of ents they became its most ardent advocates. Strikes were broken all over the country and the

WALTER ULBRICHT

Stalinists became the leading advocates of the 'production drive'-developing many of the class-collaboration techniques which have since stood their former members like Will Paynter in such good stead.

After the war, too, as the pits, with some of them produc- ing millions of cubic feet of dangerous gas each day; miners have had no alternative but to strike against such conditions.

The response of the United Mine Workers' Union leadership?

To negotiate a contract with the mineowners which forbids strikes over safety questions. The miners' only official recourse is to arbitration and even here the UMW-under its president W: A.

'Tony' Boyle-has not been eager to get off the mark, to say the least. Boyle's willingness to accept clause has 'no safety-strike' a simple explanation. contract between Under the the UMW and the mine-owners, the employers contribute 40 cents to the union funds for each ton of coal mined! The Boyle clique's personal interests therefore tied are directly high productivity, to inevitably leads which to ex- tremely hazardous conditions.

In these circumstances, the union's move to avoid giving free hospital treatment to retired and crippled miners out of the coffers of the pension fund helped con- siderably to spark the recent strikes. Miners' leader Joseph Yab- lonski put up a strong challenge to the existing leadership, win- ning the support of thousands of miners sick of years of graft and corruption; he was probably defeated in the UMW presid- ential election only by ballot- rigging. But shortly afterwards, Yab- lonski was murdered along with his wife and daughter. Yablonski's son-also named Joseph-is continuing his father's fight, and, like his father, has come hard up against the govern- ment on several occasions. He was barred from Interior Depart- ment hearings mine safety on after UMW officials had opposed his attending. Mine-owners used the hearings to press for a loosening of the safety regulations, protesting as usual that this the only was alternative to closures.

PAGE THREE

NEW PARK PUBLICATIONS

YIST ANALYSIS

OBERT BLACK

support for Churchill: opposing he return of a Labour govern- nent after the war and con- tinuing their collaboration in the factories during the post- These leaders backed to the hilt the efforts of the Italian, French and Greek Stalinists to perserve capitalism according to the limits laid down at Teheran and Yalta by the 'Big Three', justified the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiro- shima and became the chief advocates of the division of Germany and the policy of making all Germans pay for the war by stringent repara tions. Anyone who wants to under- stand the present policies of the CP in the trade unions will of Black's find the chapters book which detail the Party's productivity drive in the fac- tories and the mines during after the war extremely and illuminating. This book is important not simply as a chronicle of Stalin- ist treachery, but because the Party's history must be under- stood by all those workers who are trying to break from its present disastrous policies of support for the 'left' trade union leaders and from the parliamentary road to social- ism. The chapters and appendix on the 'British Road to Social- ism' give an extremely full account of the development of this openly reformist perspec- tive under the impact of de- mands from Stalin and the bureaucracy. There are also extremely im- portant chapters on the Party's attemps to justify the show trials of the 1950s in East Europe. The CP's support for Stalin in his slanderous attacks on the Yugoslav Communists is also well documented. Important One of the most important chapters in the book is that on 'Stalinism and Idealism', in which Black takes up its re- visions not only of Marxism, but its attacks on the very basis of Marxism-materialism - in which the Communist Party has played a leading part. One almost unbelievable quotation from the so-called 'Red Dean' of Canterbury gives the flavour of the chapter: "To the materialist, mind is merely a function of matter ... That belief is now dead.. . None indeed opposed the materialist view of life more resolutely than Lenin himself.' While the Communist Party was breaking strikes on the railways, this man was a mem- ber of the editorial board of the 'Daily Worker' and the book from which this quota- was taken became re- tion quired reading for thousands of Stalinists and their sup- porters. It is a tribute to the growing strength of the Trotskyist movement that it is able to answer in the most decisive manner possible the slanders aimed at it by the Stalinists.

The material comrade Black has gathered into this book is political dynamite for the Com- munist Party and its leaders.

Young Socialists and trade unionists must read this book and ensure that it gets into the hands of CP members, who be made to face their must Party's black record of be- trayal. This book is a weapon in the fight for Marxism, which can-.

not be undertaken without a thorough understanding of Stalinism and an unremitting struggle against it.

Clyde sackings explode 'development area' myth

PAGE FOUR

BY A CORRESPONDENT

S Wales miners plan HARDLY A DAY goes by but hundreds of Scot- tish workers are thrown out of work through

BY A

pay fight rationalization and factory closures.

CORRESPONDENT

SOUTH

WALES

The latest in a long list of recent announcements miners, well aware

ULSTER

closure of two that the Tory govern- factories of the industrial mav use their division remizeralion national pay claim as Prestcold, British- Derrv and Fitt's Leyland subsidiary, sited in the test case for resist- Pare down After his outby Hume. the Maryhill and Hilling- ing wage increases in don districts of Glasgow the nationalized indust- which will result in 400 ries, are preparing to cal redundancies. fight back. The recent national un- private three-hour delegate agalll conference held that the at Porthcawl earlier this ycals spectre of 1930s-sized dole week recommended that lodge meetings are held to for any ing over the working-class, prepare particularly in the Scottish strike ballot which may be region. taken over current soise rapidliza ton claim: £20 minimum for l otal surtace workers, ILL tor underground day-wage men and minimum for power-loading teams. yeaGLASGOW, 'cene of a wormploy enemie te nemploymen in caproyer waster time Sales drop rand except te ship. s the end of Spain be completed by the end of Shut-down pid cape lown above, disagure tae d wa as a dropen for these

• FROM PAGE ONE

moves by the with Con conse moth (20th It is only fortnight ago demande and this crimes of All Trades Unions Stalin). attembe inter- Alliance Conference In the Spanish Pa yich industry caried out the most one battle won tre

MINERS

lanug us action. party. This, of course Robess te ruling Sunday, September 6 the green e ma market Danum Hotel tance to the miners' claim political High St the i areacher and

DONCASTER

requisite in

SRITEFURTHER

sit toran co return

FOR

DETAILS

Bete for he of mes the employers. their

DERWENT

Te break with the prese

CASTLEFORD STORKSHIRE.

only under the most enor.

for at workersone wors Daily Mirror' Unly a year Code. strike opinion. right in ireland, Recognition Leven Frote a resorte work ca "clarification' militant National Union of Journalists.

There then three fac- break the strike of Asturian miNor have they da herous heyes of ted combusinese market. Me sacked regimes toward of Spanish fascism This Corrency British firms

WEATHER

for Britsa entry sted Busroe of the England patches. scramble for face rational zation dominared Nigerian contracts apita Near normal of the ponion order bar ang pastes. IMPERIALIST interests, having first helped to provoke Scot- worker the recently-ended Nigeria-Biafra war, are now com- frome faers D. Above noemad afer reward for labour under the present sys peting with one another to cash in on the 'peace'.

Sued Weather in theories in scotland with the British firms and and N ireland. So many Secret talks danger, ar are applying for entry per- mits into Nigeria to engage

LATE NEWS

'reconstruction' work that passport formalities have been temporarily re- the federal laxeu CHIEF North Vietnam prepared

US ALLUS UPSUN

RAID!

governmell. negotiator at the Paris Chared Statese da Thuy now bene sal in London talks Xuan has hinted at the possibiliti raids and

BY ROBERT BLACK

of secret meetings with of the de US representative David will not alkan sh all la Nationalist

'LOOKING'

bruce. P is connected earlier this wepokesman said Pusat to 'peace' talks. Cab engineering, weeks. people and too • coring ng attene possibility of indee Having informed S Korean dictator that army tracts as yet. The full cost of the Nigerian *Here, his 1906 Claphan recons cund 21,200 million Friday, August 28, 1970

BY A FOREIGN REPORTER

NORODOM SIHANOUK has sent yet another appeal to President Svoboda of Czechoslovakia calling upon him to recognize his Cambodian BOTH TONE and content government-in-exile. President This follows an earlier soviet remier kosvein, wne 250he tolbersary of the Pots- letter demanding the lift- plies to the embassy, Sihanouk calling ing of the police blockade conunues. [his world they unrortunate.v. imposed on the Cambodian the US supporters in tne embassyl are still categoricallv denied eléc embassy in Prague after it ruling class 1s thinking along tricity well as telephones une same unes was taken over three weeks and the right to receive mail.

Nixon, reply was ago by student supporters broadcast over Moscow Radio

'STILL WORSE'

of Sihanouk. carter us week. sard. What is still worse, is that I agree with you about the Alter thanking svoboda IOr nobody allowed to restoring water and gas sup- importance or we searel lor them food and thể besieged mutualv acceptable have only the right to me concrete inter. munger or surrender me oue- national problems through the Garrard's 1098 or une Cambolan appropriate methods of nego- bassy to the representative oi a regime which is the sworn une viole east dea men strike much in clearly mind. Nixon went on and which, 'We share the responsibility imperialism first blow anti - communism,

VUL

efforts aimed preserving Cally muraers ana alsduits and sureneunenine Inter- witn napalin DOnDS ana peace Justice. Doisonous matter mousaras ol GARRARD'S workers in women, people heretore wecome and loin men, elderly with you in stressing the need people of Swindon have struck a first and children of the to develop socialist Vietnam, an ally blow in their fight for their of with of widening the Laotian aim claim of £6 10s wage who foundations and peace across the board with no letter, previous occullly. The for Nixon Sihanouk asks the Czechs to next target 'strings'-the claim voted Kosygin, joint choose which of the two mis- their Monday's mass "peace and justice, ouest tor sions in rrazue represents coe undoubtedly Indo-China. government meeting. legal _Lam- bodia: spirit of cannot imagine len men trom the tactory s " heretore Potsdam deal be- The building — sacked that two weights and measures NO tween Stalin and the imperial- after they returned from ist allies, bureaucracy and Nixon hope impose a simi- other lar les ralist amocei.. the peace Phe parent company, threa detriment anti-imperial peoples Laos and Vietnam a piulials val cul culpally, Ildve ened brine all Ine common mont win une people proud s lactones in toe town.

socialist vietamo. volT Thorn strikers warrare workers allege that aly. the sackings were an attempt to intimidate them.

LIKE KREMLIN

meet today The men , vert. sacked when Yet, following the example espect the Husak ly line to coedi under- that what assembly has done. Thorn Electri- manned areas the Kremlin sanes all cal's Team plant To day meeting was held North-East Illass the the reciles was next an ol Europe (save mains needs Albania. Ine adoressed ov members of the posals for dispute. czechos ovak covemment ore.

district committee. redundancies TerS aplomatic dealings WITh proposes the anti-communists of Phnom

BACKED

scull- Penh fraternal relations skilled men and eight skilled.

were Convenors and stewards smeet metal workers which other Garrard and Plessey fac.

sacked last week. two-thirds backed the Many Thorn's workers feel that acceptance of any sack- decision meeting, of the ings would solve mostly why do the leaders workers, way for British Communist Party at- out until the men те- stay acks on wages and speed-up.

ruse to alone Icinstated. dorse, the demana or sinanouk that perical backing ate give political backing legal em- attled Cambodian people? Shopworkers' pay claim Sh Workers Dis- tributive and Allied yesterday announced claim relail aapery, ouL- ana rootWear Trades. ine cam macudes atkius men's mini- Increase in the rate, for mum izea lactories seemed to have women and two-hour escaped signatories to the the present 42-hour week. that disastrous agreement. 1rade unions should organ- ize and unite workers feat employers, not split and

SUBSCRIBE NOW

divide us. We defeated the local em- ployers' federation. intention fight heir strings' met with resistance, Vickers-Armstrong their most and known hard- 101 line tactics, to settle with their worKers Time Pertin co. contronted Dy a strike such as our own. The learnt: lesson was we could onlv win with the kind or support ano determinauon that we enjoyed. We defeated the employer our because Tre Strategy was basea on social- principles. Unity and par- undarion ding as well a basic as involved, were essential.

daily workers' paper vital partipaten of participation illustrates organized from Wildl 1s lu with the these woen principles are understood. one Our strucce WaS nany, and not only did it in Full subscription cistence Iwo camona {10 a year (For any two day ana censore in work- OR (Posted dally) select the è2 10s for three for three months they are united in a principled months 24 a year Post Circulation Workers Press, TO • 7808 WaTher Clapham High Street, 01-720-2000) more otten ne em- plovers din the ladle into our pot the better for us. Unity or I would like to subscribe to Workers Press for is our progress Name. We heade a workers and paper Adress. alecicialc Workers Inanks agall, Press. Pert (AEF) Seffens (T&GWU) I. Stapley (ASB)