Workers Press no. 278

THE DAILY ORGAN OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIALIST LAB THE TUC GENERAL COUNCIL meeting (last Thursday) will go down as a complete betrayal of everything that the working class has tought for in 200 years of trade unionism.

constituted It Immediate cowardly and contemp- Congress tible abdication of all Congress responsibility. Utterly call subservient the comment class, Feather and trade the have icaucis LIVERPOOL Trades Council tallen prostrate belore them.

has called for unanimously MR '

LAWRENCE

DALY,

come known as Black Thurs- October 1970

TUC

LIC

general convene emereenc Mine- vational contress immediate y Workers one- WOrKerS Lord consider organizing a The duty of all trade union- that day general strike rress LE ists is clear: warning to the Tories were wrong to deay the calling of a special conference.

roposed anti-union • Repudiate immediately the legislation would decisions the General *I think there should be an tolerated. Council ! immediate special congress Th should and that before that Congress • Organize a one-day national this linked with there should be immediate indus- strike against Tha calling

LUICE

tae union laws immediately! lories to trial these that view,' Called Night shift stewards specially in response Lucas Dynamo fac- to the Tories' proposed vicious salu. laws against the trade unions, Birmingham tory nave called for a MP for the the General Council indefi- one-day sus ke Walton division of Liverpoo]: nitely the anti-trades action whatsoever against the govern- •union laws. I think to hold the Con- press after the legislation Titsweet of the night shift stewards just silly. We should as These bureaucratic leaders' committee a resolution aundredsnore choose to deliberately calling trade possible. that district On the of indus- questior are Tory government, and that already bitteriv hehting ral acuon. ume udues umon think tais is appropriate i will They also stewards in he lucas shop support the miners are likely soon to It. I have said this all along. be locked in battle. suppor taelr saw tramme thi ITs nese struggles that solution them other night where it was said the future of the legislation is enie when Germany, tuelr campaigns to that chil it a Nazi being decided. dercal une legislation. toeir de erate the TUC this. We should make stood sition to any action, leaders are actively helping the Ford Triest the working case Tories nslaugh sure is doesnt nappen ner Dy nonune betore it is tod late. The body plant so-called ke Hugh Scar ine workini class didn't vote for this kınd of legisla unite with Feather tion. They abstained bec laid off Tell we of some of the actions of th perpetrate this unprecedented retreat. women vc try because or The talk of a special TUC THE ENTIRE body plant le price creases Congress in February 1s sheer Ford's factory this kind come emergency off capitulation. An yesterday 25 legislation congress is necessary to organ- 'I remember once in parlia- dav-shift doorhangers went or would strike over a demano for wape upgrading by 6d an hour. and "Who's we?"

THE TORIES'

Last Friday, wen me door- said, "what if the government workers" He struck nancers

TOT

the

PREPARATIONS

workers over the same issue as a mandate to carry staged a demonstration outside The THeath's the management offices against hese nranocalci Dians are well ad have about being laid-off. there vanced. talk mandate. general strike. was no idle eople example, have This week the management

LULL

stituency, for threat; he cynically date the ution leaders. that intimi- Sven me a mandate to oppose issued tie laws. rather than While the Council the day itself and the Com- member Dany Issued a venee warmine The were at our on the prepared Royal Docks: John Davies, ex- employ men who allow 'such Hannington to read er oly of the Confederation irresponsible action' have

DOSS

'Walker, companies noustries and ns us regarded as a threat Our Knees".

TUC

Pe insurance ex-director to sack shop stewards if there lay and, o repeat Friday's unit super-minis- demonstration course. SuDDOTT fact, the doorhangers' They will be in th acmana for a one-dav strike spite of Mr vy neuner the dockers will hack a stewards' the anti-union this up will ne un to the com.

laws, also not to co lorwara wild sec- munist Party leadership on the ameng them several wrico, the uonal calms walle _negoua- 20,000-strong tons on a new national pay agreement are in progress.

private security which Torce now nas Minister Bull s ex-Labour this Gunter. Attack on assue. roast ready beginnine 1 nese preparations began as Dite on the docks and things long ago as September can only get worse for us."

when Davies resigned CBI job ensure getting a ERRY WILSON, secretar BY DAVIDMAUDe parliamentary seat. London uncil workers with working, strike committee: systematic

TOP

OFFICIALS of both The ransnort and tenera Workers the Amal- legislation arch-enemy Engineers met class has been passed. It's now ur completely presentativ Coventry like co-orcinate 019 leaders zones business and the state machine.

Presswork and scanion to give a lead These lans beta win kie wake discuss Im not surprised that the yesterudy lU General Council came out threats that the fac party action with this kind of statement TorY WIll cIose. ant Cone laws in dune 1969.

Castle to is line all pesting really a withdraw Involved in the talks were

T&GWU

can't work now. TUCS promise to Put hits the warned then that the Moss Evans and AEF 'We have been pushing the tive councilman Bob Wright.

Donucat lesson to nouse in order woua only bers throughour ine emplovers AIl nadators hat they are workers have been warned Invo ver in a that June 1969 would initiate that they may lose a period of intensified struggle to the jobs.

• PAGE FOUR COL. 4

it will lose n estimated £700,000 thi

• PAGE FOUR COL. 2

INCORPORATING THE NEWSLETTER • SATURDAY OCTOBER 17,

CIALIST LABOUR LEAGUE

Statement by Socialist Labour League Political Committee A TWO-PRONGED Tory attack on workers in the nationalized industries was outlined yesterday by new Department of Trade and Industry chief John Davies.

Revealing that hiving-off into private hands of sec- tions from the state-owned Steel Corporation British 'could come quite quickly, he hinted broadly that every other public sector In could ownership face a similar fate. think of can nationalized industry which wouldn't be quite open for private capital, he said.

In he told most cases, journalists the DTI's at inaugural press conference, firms to opening up state injections of private capital would be *a relatively long- range matter'. Attractive A first prerequisite would be to make them attrac- tive investment propositions: 'We've profit got to get first. going Put bluntly, this can mean only one thing; an inten- sified drive for' speed-up and productivity dealing in every pit, steel plant and state airline. Only could Tory then financiers and industrialists be certain that their friends in Westminster had guaran- teed their pound of flesh. Asked if *disengagement' the gon- -and hiving-off would apply equally to privately- owned business. former Confederation of British Industry director We'll use force general Davies made clear that the government will leave most in Reggio- capitalists to plan their own anti-working-class strategy.

Premier Not excluded ITALIAN premier Emilio Shipbuilding, he said, had Colombo said yesterday that gone through very, very the government was prepared difficult period and is still to use force to restore order to some degree going in the southern city of through it but I don't Reggio Calabria now in its at all exclude it from hav- tenth day of general strike.

to show that ing any More than 1,500 troops government help given have been moved into the viability with view town and police under military rather than in the role of a protection are reported to be subsidizer'. removing barricades. The government, he em- A further 3,000 were landed would nhasized later, not on the coast North of the city prop up businesses for the propping them up'. in order to protect railway sake of lines and road traffic. As for the development

• PAGE FOUR COL. 3

• See story page 4 ‹ on stewards behind closure threat? year unless union officials a joint union-management help to re-establish proper working party. working relations.

T&GWU

leading Supported by local steward told Workers Press

AEF

official, it has that he considers the closure attempted to pin the blame threat to be an attack on on the factory's

T&GWU

militant shop-floor organiza- stewards. tion, and that 'the company The stewards refute this.

is out to break the power of and challenge the manage- the shop stewards' com- ment to say outright mittee order to attack In they expect whether press wages and conditions won workers to work physically in struggles over recent harder. years'. They also say they will A full report on the out- resist any attempt to set up come of last night's meeting committees outside the joint will go to the parent com- shop stewards' organization pany-Associated Engineer- already turned ing—for - having its board meeting down a local plan to set up on October 22. The daily paper that leads the fight against the Tory government PRICE 6d. Special Arafat's role in statement at tomorrow's meeting Mid-East peace THURSDAY'S abect retrea by the TUC leaders and the acquiescence of the Stalinists plot revealed will be taken up national secretary G. Healy in a special statement morrow's Greet the Six-Da!

Workers Press meeting THE SIGNING of the Hussein-Arafat agreement, the extension of Central the ceasefire by Egypt, the publication of the latest version of the Soviet 'peace' plan and the Rogers-Gromyko talks taking place today e revolution- are all designed to prop up the imperialist-sponsored plot to establish a real for soo a Middle-East armed truce and deny Palestinian freedom and independence. a referendum

CONTRAST

Aratat's assour the terms of the ag Lambeth Tories change their tune £1,250 Fund Two weeks to

PICKET

LAMBETH dustmen's refusal to join the strike the get toôl 2S.40. local authority has plaudits of Tory Lambeth Council leader Bernard Perkins.

LINE

make the hones

WE MUSI

effort 1 Thee e dil hates ben refuse services 1 thy runthe loyalty e which the mer enouncil will the 18 months sure in use the quite a different tune. Then it was the Powellit Other workers join who neilore Norman We are sure that you realize and Margaret Crawley dustmen Tyler felt moved to say But vital pradu Sacking is too good for th paper, your donations CRAWLEY DUSTMEN-on strike since Thursday- neat tor far tob so much tas a fingernai were joined yesterday by workers from the parks and Street, highways department who staged an unofficial token solidarity strike. moving. "here has to be a stron

MEETING

Workers Press and le

TOMORROW

IS/ LABOUR LEAGL

agine the unions he cont

FORWARD WITH THE

Greet the six-days these

WORKERS

workers press

PRESS

HIS TRAYST

Hands off the unions! doubled Fight the Tories' after anti-union laws iy hired by Kensington Council ti

SUNDAY,

OCTOBER 18

Poplar Civic Hall, Bow Road, E.3 7.30 p.m. Adm 2s Magnet return

SPEAKERS

Strike a seon, 00 korkers al G. Caly hairman Pilington's Rank and Ron imrance (YS National Secretary) Chairman: C. Slaughter (SLL Central Committee member) segotiations for a new

workers press THE DAILY ORGAN OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIALIST LAB THE TUC GENERAL COUNCIL meeting (last Thursday) will go down as a complete betrayal of everything that the working class has fought for in 200 years of trade unionism.

It constituted Immediate cowardly and contemp- tible abdication of all Congress responsibility. to the uttery cuhcerulent call comment capitalist class, Feather the trade have fallen prostrate before LIVERPOOL Trades Council them. has unanimously

LAWRENCE

DALY,

1970 will be-

TUC

General Motoher of general secretary come known as 'Black Thurs- Congres tha emergenc National Union Wtina. immediately the Workers The duty of all trade union- organizing a consider one. wenera Strike wrong to delay to the warning tories that anti-union caline ora specar comerence.

• Repudiate immediately the Their nronosed would not lagiciation 'I think there should be an decisions ol the Genera tolerated. special council "'he resolution caid thei and that before that Congress thic chould ho linkod with there reco ution яр(і- Toriam campaien callirio union laws immediatelv ! action trial these laws, that is view,' he Nio hi chift stewards Called specially in response said. to the Tories Lucas Dynamo fac- proposed vicious ha aws against trace unions.

ERIC HEFFER,

MP for the toled feat a one-day General Council indefi- Walton division of Liverpool: defeat the anti-trades nite v postponed any action • union laws. I think Con- whatsoever against the govern- to hold the ment. this the legislation has of the night meetins gress alter shift massed is just silly. We been These bureaucratic leaders' resolution soon should Wa! choose to cellberate v lonore passed calling possible. Trade the tact thai hundrede district union committees On the anestion of indie thousande of executive colincile and the are already bitterlv trial action. if the trades unions 1UC to organize the strike think this is appropriate I will the Tory government, and that They also asked all shop have Be locked in be like likely soon to Stewards in the lugs com.

to support hine thoim It is in these struggles that *I saw a TV programme the them solution and other night where it was the future of the legislation is of their own campaigns to that being decided. civil iberies ere denied the when defeat the legislation. Germany By their deliberate the Pro saders are nacely helpin the neonie. tonont thic We chould mote Ford sure this doesn't happen here their Lories fighting before is too alanst the working cass. late. body plant The "The working didn't union leaders like Hugh Scan- vote for this kind lon and Tack Iones unite with ne of the actions of the abstained because laid off heather and the right wing to some perpetrate this unprecedented last Labour retreat. government and women voted ory hecance of The talk of a special TUC THE ENTIRE body plant the price increases. Thev didn't Ford's s Dagesterda Congress in Februarv is sheer factory was come out for this kind capitulation. An emergency laid legislation. vesterdav when congress is necessary to organ- ent i said bat wie would dav-Chitt doornanders went or ize action now. ment strike over a demand for wage upgrading by 6d an hour. legs an

THE TORIES,

"Who's we?' Last Friday when the done.

Team sale dav workerchie hangare tha

PREPARATIONS

workers said, "what if the government over the same issue staged a demonstration outside to carry these But ent offices against ne lory nane are well ad have Hanth'c talk about there no vanepal mandate. general strike was no in This week the management con. threat; he cynically con- for have chances. examne ng no fident that intimi- Lay-off given me a mandate to oppose date the union leaders. notices were the laws. on rather Thursday, that Council dav itself and the the com- JOHN BARBER, member met, Heath union on London's nant that it was not prepared Royal Docks: John employ men who allow 'such haves ex. irresponsible action'. Hannington's book adever of the Confederation §ritich industriac Our Peter Walker. ou dinontor to sack shop stewards if there selling out insurance companies and is any repeat of last Friday's unit course, demo sacatione course, sunnort the doorhangers' demand for a one-day They will be working with claim a stewardpressed being strive ois Whether the dockers will back Mr Carr, author Dohort decision spite thic un will ho un to tha Com the anti-union laws, forward with to go not sec companies munist Party -eadershin on the Royal supporting it. claims while negotia ecuricor, tions on a new national pay But they too have deterior- agreement are in progress.

private security ated tremendously dayinis which now hac we fathe essential Minister Phase Attack on Chunter really beginning These preparations began the things hite on lana nan ae Contemhor 10k0 can only det worse for uc when houser racionar hic CBI job to ensure getting a

BY DAVID MAUDE

TERRY WILSON. secretarv of parliamentary seat. council workers' the London strike committee: working. with Heath is systematic determination

TOP

OFFICIALS

both IT thinh it ic picionlone tho the the TUC should hold the con.

arch-enwinston ference after legislation Churchill, Warrang and tha A mal. has been passed. now rand Anainapp mei like eaders comniete v co-ordinate hig Santon ers give a lead. hucinece and the state machine Radiators Presswork that the com- surprised that the • here none henn in the woe I'm not Pory wiT Cose- that Council of tha militant working-clas General came out action whi which forced Wilson with thic wind of ctatement and to withdraw their holley „ching n aa anti-union laws in Tune 1969.

Involved in the talks were formist line all the time--this just ca have been

T&GWU

can't work now. We warned then that the hono contato mr pushing the TUC's promise to its own Mrce Cuone onlACE avorn. political lesson tive councilman Bob Wright.

involved in throughout employers encourage varned proceed with their nians. that Tune 1969 their wald initiate that annacition The firm says will lose

PAGE FOUR COL. 4

PAGE FOUR COL. 2

an estimated £700.000 this

INCORPOFATING THE NEWSLETTER • SATURDAY OCTOBER 17,

JALIST LABOUR LEAGUE

Statement by Socialist Labour League Political Committee A TWO-PRONGED Tory attack on workers in the nationalized industries was outlined new Department of Trade and vesterday by Industry chief John Davies Revealing that hiving-off into private hands of sec- tions from the state-owned British Steel Corporation 'could come quite quickly., he hinted broadly that every other sector in public could ownership face similar fate. think of can no nationalized industry which wouldn't be quite open for private capital,' he said.

most cases, he told In journalists at the DTI's inaugural press conference, opening up state firms injections of private capital would be 'a relatively long- range matter'. Attractive A first prerequisite would be to make them tive investment propositions: 'We've got get profit to going first.' Put bluntly, this can mean only one thing; an inten- sified drive for' speed-up and productivity dealing in pit, steel plant and every state airline. Only could Tory then financiers and industrialists be certain that their friends Westminster had in guaran- teed their ed their pound of flesh. 'disengagement' the current jar- use gon-and hiving-off would apply equally to privately- owned business, former Confederation of British director Industry general We'll use force Davies made clear that the government will leave most in Reggio capitalists to plan their own anti-working-class strategy.

Premier Not excluded ITALIAN premier Emilio Shipbuilding, he said, had Colombo said yesterday that gone through 'a very, very the government was prepared difficult period and is still to use force to restore, order to some degree going in the southern city of through it but I don't Reggio Calabria in its now at all exclude it from hav- tenth day of general strike.

show that ing TO any More than 1,500 troops help given government been have moved into the with a view viability town and police under military rather than in the role of a are reported to be subsidizer'. protection The removing barricades. government, he em- A further 3,000 were landed phasized would not later. on the coast North of the city businesses for the prop up in order to protect railway sake of propping them up'.

lines and road traffic. As for the development

• PAGE FOUR COL. 3

• See story page 4 ‹ on stewards behind closure threat? year unless union officials a joint union-management help to re-establish 'proper working party. leading

T&GWU

working relations. Supported by a local steward told Workers Press

AEF

official, it has that he considers the closure attempted to pin the blame threat to be an attack on

T&GWU

on the factory's militant shop-floor organiza- stewards. tion, and that 'the company The stewards refute this.

is out to break the power of and challenge the manage- the shop stewards' com- outright ment to say mittee in order to attack whether they expect press wages and conditions won workers to work physically in struggles over recent harder. vears'. They also say they will A full report on the out- resist any attempt to set up come of last night's meeting committees outside the joint will go to the parent com- shop stewards' organization pany-Associated Engineer- - having already turned ing-for board meeting its down a local plan to set up on October 22. The daily paper: that leads the fight against the Tory government PRICE 6d. Special Arafat's role in statement at tomorrow's meeting Mid-East peace THURSDAY'S abject retreat by the TUC leaders and the acquiescence of the stalinist.

plot revealed will be

SIL

mational secretary 6oy up Healy in a special statement at to morrow's "Greet the Six-Day Workers Press' meeting. THE SIGNING of the Hussein-Arafat agreement, the extension of His „statement the the ceasefire by Egypt, the publication of the latest version of the Soviet 'peace' plan and the Rogers-Gromyko talks taking place today are all designed to prop up the imperialist-sponsored plot to establish a Middle-East armed truce and deny Palestinian freedom and independence. • From the late f the has the late Presi- Arment the sixth kind in the chen age ack to the heroic Hashemite dynas che hated spike Israel has left the West Bank

CONTRAST

Acceptance would lour the terms of he satements of Fate met those Above: Swindon council workers who or phe establishment of dependent Palestinian Lambeth Tories

PAGE FOUR COL. S

change their tune £1,250 Fund Two weeks to

PICKET

LAMBETH dustmen's refusal to join the strike has won the get E88/ 2S.40. local durnority plaudits of Tory Lambeth Council leader Bernard Perkins.

WE MUST

biggest LI be congratulated, "I think the men the fund toral wall they - The loyalty E887 2s 4d to raise In the fight against the cal Torie s the Powellite Other workers join thai Crawley dustmen Tyler felt moved to & Sacking is too good for ratched the backs one CRAWLEY DUSTMEN-on strike since Thursday- were joined yesterday by workers from the parks and highways department who staged an unofficial token things solidarity strike. moving!

MEETING

Workers

TOMORROW

IS/ LABOUR LEAGU

youn mee the Torns preposal

AWARD WITH THE

Greet the six-days Either yo

WORKERS

back 40 workers press

PRESS

Hands off the unions! Council doubled a Rend op rubbish do Fight the Tories' collectors tried fleet of owned by a com anti-union laws Chelsi

OCTOBER 18

strike Poplar Civic workers. 7.30 p.m. Adm 2s Magnet return

SPEAKERS

AFTER seven weeks of solid 6. Maughey arman king or (Chairman Pilkington's Rank and oh Simance (YS National Secretay) inery factory Chairman: C. Sauanter (sLL Central Committee member.

for a

PAGE TWO

THE ANALYSIS

same thing which has taken pre- everything valuable in Hegel sented by Marx of the and developed it further' social relations of produc- And it is little wonder that this method has been con- tion under capitalism sistently rejected by both the bourgeoisie well as the as would have been utterly revisionists. For the essence of the dialec- impossible without the it starts tical method is that application of the dialec- from nothing—including capi- talist society - as fixed, but tical method. He was sees everything in the world indebted principally to as a series of processes.

Once the working class had Hegel for his grasp and appeared as a historical force development of this the capitalist class had to pre- tend that its system was method. 'natural' and 'eternal'. It has become increasingly The had, political science during fashionable to attack the economy which the period of the industrial dialectical method of "Capital' revolution tried to discover the as so much German meta- real laws operating in capitalist nonsence which economy, was now transformed physical "economics' and turned into Marx imposed upon reality.

which sought to justify the exploitation under capitalism as 'rational' and 'necessary'.

Logic of 'Dialectics', writes Marx in the Preface to 'Capital', 'in its 'Capital' rational form is a scandal and abomination to bourgeoisidom Such a view runs com- and its doctrinaire professors, because it includes in its com- pletely counter to the real prehension affirmative an essence of 'Capital', as Lenin recognition of the negation of and others well appreciated: inevitable that state, of its breaking up; because it regards 'If Marx did not leave historically-developed every "Logic" (with a behind him a social form as in fluid capital letter) he did leave the move- ment, and therefore takes into of "Capital", and this logic account its ought to be utilized to the full transient nature not less than momentary "Capital", Its in this question. In existence: because it lets Marx applied to single nothing impose upon it, and is dialectics and science, logic, in its critical and of knowledge of essence the theory revolutionary' materialism (three words are So without a systematic not needed, it is one and the

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A TROTSKYIST ANALYSIS

BY ROBERT BLACK

Available from New Park Publications Price Cas post inch St.. SW.

Price 24g I would like information about Fill in the form below and send to NATIONAL

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LENIN

study of the origins of Marxism its relationship to and Hegelian dialectics, there can full understanding of be no 'Capital' or a deepening of understanding our growing, economic crisis.

This is what Lenin meant when he warned that 'Capital' could not be grasped without a full understanding of Hegel's "Logic'. As we explained in the first article, Marx started his study of capitalism with the com- modity. Historically this new mode of production involved the dominance of commodity pro- duction and in particular the creation of a working class having only one commodity- labour power. It was, and is, the sale of this commodity - the ability to work - which kept it alive.

Marx starts 'Capital' with an examination of the con- tradictions within a single commodity. The commodity is at one and the same time a use value and also an exchange value.

Exchange value A commodity has a certain use: a coat is used to keep its wearer warm, for example.

However each commodity also has an exchange value: it has a certain value in relation to all other commodities: a coat, for example, might exchange for two pairs of shoes. The rate at which com- modities exchange is deter- mined by the proportion of total social labour which they embody. In all pre-capitalist society the production of wealth had largely taken the form of the production of use values, that is the production of goods for the actual producer's use.

With the development of commodity production - the sale of goods on the market production of exchange values dominant aim. the For in selling his commodity a producer is losing control over its particular use value in order to acquire money, which he then expands to get the use value of other goods. Under capitalism, the use value of the product is purely incidental as far as the driving forces behind the system are concerned. The capitalist is not concerned with the com- modity's particular use but only to the extent to which it contains exchange value, that is value in general. If a capitalist starts with a sum of money, M, he is only interested if, after buying raw

KARL MARX

materials, power, heat, light, machinery and labour power with which he then produces commodities, there is an increase in • value. This will allow him to take what he needs for his own consump- tion and allow him to start the process again, but on an extended scale. The capitalist is not just greedy. He is in competition with all other capitalists.

Unless he constantly strives to expand the capital under his control, to innovate and make continual technical changes, he runs the risk of being forced out of business.

Marx shows how a lengthy historical period was necessary to make the transition from commodity production (where the creation of exchange values predominates) to capitalist commodity production (where the drive for surplus value pre- dominates). When labour productivity was raised to a sufficient level and necessary changes in agri- culture were carried through which created a landless pro- letariat, these gradual quantita-

WORKERS PRESS

Kritik der politisehen Oekonomie, Vor Karl Marx. Erater Band. Buch I: Dee Propuktensgromar des Kepitals.

• Hambarg Verlag von Otto Mrimuer. 166%. Non-Yurk: L. W. Schruide, 34 Harday-sitecs.

The title page of the first German edit Capital published in 1867.

ARL MARX

tive changes produced a qualitative leap. 'Here, as in natural science,' observes Marx, 'is shown the correctness of the law dis- covered by Hegel (in his "Logic"') that merely quantita- tive differences beyond a cer- tain point pass into qualitative.

changes.' Opposite sides So, in starting with the commodity, and the contradic- tion inherent in its opposite exposing, at sides, Marx is microscopic level, the essence of the contradiction of capital- ism: that production is carried on not for use, but for profit.

In bourgeois society the commodity-form of the pro- duct of labour—or the value- form of the commodity-is the economic cell form. To the superficial observer, the analysis of these forms seems to turn upon minutiae, but they are of the same order as those dealt with in microscopic anatomy? ('Capital' Vol 1) t German edition of 'In his "Capital", Lenin explains in the *Philosophical Notebooks', 'Marx first analyses the simplest most ordinary and fundamental, most common and everyday relation of bourgeois (com- modity) society, a relation en- countered billions of times, viz., the exchange of commodities.

In this very simple phenomena (in this "cell" bourgeois society) analysis reveals all the • contradictions (or the germs of all contradictions) of modern society. The subsequent exposi- tion shows us the development (both growth and movement) of these contradictions and of this society in the summation of its individual parts, from its beginning to its end.' After revealing the con- tradictory nature of the com- .

modity, as a value and a use value, Marx then demonstrates how this contradiction transformed, made part of a more general contradiction.

This process takes place through the medium of money.

If we can understand the dominant role which the crea- tion of exchange value plays under commodity production, then it is possible to grasp the part which money plays in the capitalist system, a source of so much confusion for bour- geois economists. As we have already indi- cated, once a capitalist has produced his commodities he is not interested in them as a collection of use values.

He is interested in them contain only because they exchange value and surplus value. Unless his commodities can be transformed into exchange value of a universal type — which can be used as and when required to purchase supplies of further raw materials and labour power- then they are of no value to him. So under capitalism a pro- ducer starts with a sum of money (M). He uses this to buy raw materials and labour power to the value C. Through the application of labour to these raw materials the resultant commodities now contain more value than the original in puts, C. Let us call this greater magnitude C'.

Value in money The aim of the capitalist must now be to realize this magnitude of value in money of a similar value, M. So when complete the pro- like this: cess looks M-C-C-M'. This increased value, M' then provides the basis for the expansion of pro- duction on a higher scale.

The rate of surplus value for the capitalist is given by increment value (M'-M) compared with the original magnitude of value (M). Unless the producer can complete the process in this way, by realizing his surplus value in the money form, the exercise has been worthless from his point of view. For he is left with a collec- tion of use values in the form of commodities which he may not be able to dispose of except by selling price below apt a their value, that is by making a loss or at least accepting a lower rate of surplus value.

So for capitalism, driven along not merely by the crea- tion of exchange value but, above all, by the creation of of surplus value, the role money is indispensable. It is not, as many shallow commen- tators imagine, merely a clever device which overcomes the problems and difficulties of barter. By 'money' we mean • one commodity which stands opposed to all other commodi- ties in that its use value represents its command over the exchange value of all the other commodities from which it is excluded. With the development of capitalism, gold tended to be selected as the out money commodity for particular rea- sons. It was easily divisible, it was durable and a relatively small weight embodied a consider- able amount of value. This was due to the conditions under which it was mined, requiring the expenditure of large quan- tities of human labour to extract small quantities from the earth. Parallel 'opposition' : In the opening chapter of 'Capital' Marx explains the money's role as the 'external- izer of the antagonism be- tween the use value and the each (exchange) value of commodity. Although difficult, it is worth producing a passage from this analysis which indi- cates the dialectical method running through the whole of this chapter, and indeed the whole of the work. explains how Marx the 'opposition' of the money com- modity (or simply money) exactly parallels the opposition within the commodity. But, he insists, the opposi- tion between money and all other commodities should not be conceived of in terms of opposites which are fixed. On the contrary, each 'opposite' contains within itself the elements of the other 'opposite': 'Commodities, first of all, enter into the process of ex- change just as they are. The then differentiates process into •commodities and them money, and this produces an external opposite correspond- ing to the internal opposition inherent in them, as being at and values. values once use . Commodities as use values now stand opposed to money On the as exchange values. other hand both opposing sides are commodities, unities of exchange values and use values. But this unity of differ- ences manifests itself at two poles, and at each pole in an opposite way. Being poles they Saturday, October 17, 1970 are as necessarily opposite as they are connected. 'On the one side of the equation we have an ordinary commodity, which is, in reality, a use value. Its value is ex- pressed ideally in its price, by which it is equated to its opposite, the gold, as the real embodiment of value, as money. Gold as gold, in ex- change value itself. As to its use value, that has only an ideal existence, represented by the series of expressions of relative value in which it stands face-to-face with all other commodities, the sum of whose uses makes up the sum of the various uses of gold' Marx also shows in the early part of 'Capital' that corres- ponding to the opposition of use value and value is that be- tween abstract labour and concrete labour. The development of capital- ism tended inexorably to break down all differences between particular types of labour: all tended to be reduced to the same qualitative level through the operation of the market.

Under petty production (that is production not for the market) labour took on a concrete form, in that it was concerned with particular skills (weaving, tailoring etc.) which produced use values, (cloth, trousers etc.). Under capitalism what is compared is labour in the abstract which produces not use values, but exchange values. In other words, the exchange of commodities compares not the specific, unique, qualities of labour which they embody, but their abstract labour, the quantity of socially available labour time which they con- tain. Concrete labour We can note here that this distinction which Marx draws • between abstract and concrete labour as the producer of ex- change values and use values respectively was not only a theoretical category; logical, like all Marx's abstractions, as we shall see later, it was also historical, reflecting the real development of social relations which the emergence of capi- talism involved. It was only under com- modity production that indivi- dual, private, concrete labour tended to be dissolved in the market place into its opposite, generalized, labour in the abstract. This was a process com- pleted essentially in the period of the Industrial Revolution which saw the break-up of nearly all narrow crafts and the development of a relatively homogeneous labour market.

In this one example we can see Marx's dialectical method as well as his materialism.

For throughout 'Capital' he traces the connection between his theoretical categories (in this case the category 'abstract labour') and the real, material developments capitalist economy, of which they (the categories) were a reflection.

is an This aspect of 'Capital's' method we shall examine in the next article.

Then we shall look at the present economic crisis in the light of this theoretical analysis. • Continued next Saturday - Towards an Independent Art Culture and Socialism and a Manifesto Art and Revolution An article compiled by the author from a talk he gave to a Moscow club on February 3,. 1926, and a number of other addresses. The Manifesto, appearing in 1938 under the signatures of André Breton and Diego Rivera was in fact drawn up in collaboration with Trotsky.

Price: Two shillings and sixpence Available from 186a Clapham High Street, London SW4

Saturday, October 17, 1970 TV

SATURDAY

BBC 1

9.35 a.m. Square two. 10.00-10.30 Si dice cosi. 11.40 Time machines.

12.50 Football preview. 1.10 12.40 p.m. Weather. 12.45 Grandstand.

week. Peter Gregg v Chris Jobson. 1.40, 2.40, 4.30 Fight of the 3.20 Racing at Kempton Park: 2.10, 3.10 Rallycross. 1.50, 2.20, 2.50, 3.40 Rugby union. Welsh XV v The The Wylye Horse Trials.

RFU

Results service. 5.15 Pink Panther show.

5.35 President's XV. 4.50 News and weather. 5.45 Here's Lucy.

SHOW OF THE NORTH.

6.10

6.40 HIGH ADVENTURE.

'The Lost Worid'. With Michael Rennie Claude Rains. An expedition explores a part of the and world where pre-historic monsters live.

8.15 THE HARRY SECOMBE SHOW. With guests Roy Castle and Mary Hopkin. BEN TRAVERS FARCES. 'Plunder'. With Richard Briers and 9.00 Arthur Lowe. NEWS and weather. 9.50

10.05 MATCH OF THE DAY.

GENERATIONS APART. 'A Weekend in Dorset'. A 1970 Romeo 11.05 and Juliet story. 11.45 Weather.

REGIONAL BBC

All regions as above except: Tis47 Weathers Match of the day.

Midlander and aalia storand S Scotland: 5.00-5.15 10.05-11.05 11.47 News, weather Cumberland Westmorland, results and N leeland: 505-135 South. West: 11.47 Weather sound. news. saturday Wales: 11.20-11.40 Cadi ha.

5.45-6.10 11.30 Sports final. News, weather,

BBC 2

3.00-4.40 p.m. Cinema. 'Rally Round the Flag Boys'. With Paul New- man and Joanne Woodward. A small American town tries to prevent the establishment of a missile base in their neighbourhood.

7.30 NEWS, SPORT and weather. 7.45

DISCO 2.

RUGBY SPECIAL. A Welsh XV v/The RFU President's XV.

8.15 9.00

ONE PAIR OF EYES.

'Return as a Stranger'. Poet and author Dom Moraes describes his return to his native India.

THE ROADS TO FREEDOM.

9.50 The age of reason. 'June 16, 1938-Afternoon'.

ROWAN AND MARTIN'S LAUGH-IN.

10.35 11.25 NEWS ON 2 and weather. 11.30

MIDNIGHT

MOVIE.

'Heligate'. With Sterling Hayden, Joan Leslie and Ward imprisoned Bond. A man is wrongly in subterranean dungeon for his alleged part in guerrilla raids in Kansas in 1867.

ITV

11.25 a.m. RAC road report. 11.30 Music room. 11.55 Toolbox. 12.20 p.m. Stingray. 12.45 News from ITN. 12.50 World of sport. 12.55 On the ball. 1.20 International sports special. Llangollen International Canoe Slalom. 2.10 They're off! 2.20, 3.00. 3.35 Racing from Newmarket. 2.45. 3.00, 3.45 Racing from Catterick.

3.50 Results, scores, news. 3.55 Wrestling from Walthamstow.

4.10 They're off! 4.15 Racing from 4.20 Wrestling from Walthamstow. 4.55 Newmarket. Results service. 5.10 Forest rangers. 5.40 Beverly hillbillies.

6.10 NEWS FROM ITN.

6.15

MAKING WHOOPEE.

6.45 NO, THAT'S ME OVER HERE. With Ronnie Corbett.

7.15 CROWTHER'S IN TOWN. Leslie Crowther with guests.

8.00 HAWAII FIVE-O. 'Nightmare Road'.

FRAUD SQUAD. 'The Harland Affair'.

9.00 10.00

NEWS AT TEN.

10.10 THE FROST PROGRAMME. David Frost.

11.10 AQUARIUS. 'Television's Master Flim-Maker'.

11.55 THE GLORY OF LOVE.

REGIONAL ITV

Chersin to n. 150 London. 6.15 Crow-

WESTWARD.

As Channel Site. iz. 6o Weather. Town No. that's me over Faith for *Mail 7.30 Hims lite and Dullea. With Annou London. Theatre.

HA SC0

12.45 Lon- No. That' Skippy. Frost. 12 midnight Weather. don. over here.

SUNDAY

BBC 1

Nai 9.30 Know how. 10.00 9.00 a.m. zindagi-naya jeevan. Si dice cosi. 10.30-11.30 Morning service. 11.35 Men and materials. 12 noon Ask Zena Skinner! 12.25-12.50 p.m. Hardy heating international. 1.25- 1.50 Farming. 1.55 Education programme. 2.20 Made in Britain.

2.29 News headlines. 2.30 Personal choice.

2.55 Film for the family: 'The Sun Comes Up'. With Jeanette MacDonald and Lloyd Nolan.

4.25 The fifties. 4.40 Asterix the Gaul. 4.50 Golden silents.

5.15 Going for a song. 5.40 The Black tulip.

6.05 NEWS and weather. 6.15 MALCOLM MUGGERIDGE asks the question why.

6.50 SONGS OF PRAISE.

Church,

7.20 HAMMOND INNES

behalf of Kersey appeals on Suffolk. 7.25 DR FINLAY'S CASEBOOK. 'Snares and Pitfalls'. /

8.15 PLAY

OF

THE MONTH.

'Ross'. Terence Rattigan. With lan McKellen. Story of Lawrence of Arabia.

10.05 NEWS and weather. 10.20 OMNIBUS presents 'Everything In the Garden'. Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. Part two.

11.20 AD LIB.

11.50 Weather.

REGIONAL

BBC

All regions as above except: Scotland: 230-2:55 First Harvesti thanks. Bar: %20:32:3 singu. Appeal Vidal of Warwic 7.20.7.29 behali rosis Trust is Newle reather. a00E Omnibus. Mary. Collegiate Warwick. 11.52 Weather North. and NW 7.20-7.25 Cumber and Ireland: 7.20-7.25 Mary reland Peters Mack. artmarance Kpith appeals on 11.52 Weather. Ann's on honort henalt ot the Manchester. Branch the Multiple Sclerosis So- Wales 230.3.15 doctors 11.52 News, weather. 4.154.40 Transworld Rugby Swyn® SW. South, 7.20-7.25

PHAB.

Richard behalf dechrau Dechrau Call. handicapped. .25 Cartref dyffryn of the ph hysically cerrior. Weather

BBC 2

7.00 p.m. NEWS REVIEW and weather.

7.25 THE RAY STEVENS SHOW. With Lulu, Mama Cass and Andy Williams. THE WORLD ABOUT US. 'A Bite of the Sea'. Oyster farming.

8.15

MUSIC ON 2.

'The Kirov'. Ballet company from the Kirov 9.05 theater in Leningrad. CHILDREN TALKING. 'The Immigrants'.

9.55 THE ROADS TO FREEDOM. The age of reason. 'June 16, 1938 10.05| -Evening' 10.50 OH IN COLOUR. Spike Milligan.

NEWS ON 2 and weather. 11.20

FILM NIGHT.

11.25

ITV

On reflection. Adrian Mitchell 11.00 a.m. Morning service. 12.10 p.m.

1.00 Toolbox. 1.30 Wind in the on William Blake. 12.35 Music room. 1.45 All our yesterdays. 2.15 Survival. 2.45 The big match. willows. 3.45 Randall and Hopkirk (deceased). 4.45 Golden shot.

5.35 The Flaxon boys.

6.05 NEWS FROM ITN.

6.15 BEYOND BELIEF.

STARS ON SUNDAY.

7.00 PLEASE SIR! 'It's a Saint Bernard's Life'.

7.25 'SPLENDOUR IN THE GRASS'. With Natalie Wood and Warren 7.55 Beatty. Young love, young ideals and young problems.

10.00

NEWS AT TEN.

THE EXILES. 'Emma'. With Madoline Thomas, Hannah Gordon, 10.15 Jennifer Hilary and Alfred Burke.

11.15

THIS IS... TOM JONES.

a.m. THE GLORY OF LOVE. 12.10

REGIONAL ITV

WESTWARD.

Channel : 1100012.35 London. 2.13 AYcAnt. Big match. Voy. Arop and 1 0- Farm 1.45 and country ne botton 20A Dan. profit. 12.05 4.35 lifo Date Cartoon 12.10 'Cara- Weather. ton. 4,45 Film: Tandon Cranger Crowort lean BA mate: 11.00-1.25 215 Dennis Kent, Anne Crawford andl Matinee: Moon- Price. 10.00 London. Thic match 3 George Baker raker'. Tones. 11 19 Avengers. Roundheads Marius Goring. Cume and Cavaliere century 5.40 Wheel of Fortune. 6.10 London.

6.15 Crowther's in 7.00 Love. Town. American Style. 8.00 Hawaii Five-O. 9.00 London. 10.10 Frost. 11.10 Name of the Game. 12.35 Weather.

HTV (Cymru/Wales) black and white as above except for: 6.15-7.00 service Rhyfedd O Fyd.

ANGLIA: 12.15

All our yesterdays. 5,40 heen for Me in wondere whoopee. toWn The Golden Crowther's in 7.00 that's me over here. 7.30 Mistress'. With John Agar and Rose- marie Bowe. Treasure hunt. 9.00 Lon- 11.10 Name of the game. 12.35 don. Reflection. ATV MIDLANDS: 12.15 Joe 90.

12.45 London. S.10 No, that's me over here.

5.40 Wheel of fortune. 6.10 London.

6.15 Crowther's in 7.00 Tomor- town. row's horoscope. 7.04 Film: «Topkapi. Peter Ustinov. With Melina Mercouri, Schell and Robert Morley.

Maximilian Comedy thriller. 9.00 London. 10.10 Theatre. 11.10 Frost, weather.

ULSTER: 12.30 Wind in the willows.

12.45 London. 5.10 lipper. 5.40 Sportscast. 6.10 London. 5.15 Crow- No. "Moonfleet. ther's in town. 7.00 that's me 7.30 Film: over here. With Stewart Granger, George Sanders and Joan Greenwood. Smuggling on Dorsetshire 9.00 London. the coast. 10.10 Theatre. 11.10 Frost.

YORKSHIRE:

11.35 Better driving. 12.00 Training the family.

12.20 5.10 London. 6.15 Crowther g in Town: 7.00 No, that's Teacher Kenneth me over here. "Carry...On With Ted Ray. Williams 9.00 London: Kenneth Connor. Charles Hawtrey. 10.10 Tom Jones. 11.10 Human This jungle. i2.0s Weather. GRANADA: 11.25 On reflection. 11.50 12.15 Fireball 12.45 Toolbox.

XLS.

London. 5.10 Greatest show on earth. 6.10 London, 6.15 Crowther's in town.

7.00 No. that's me over here. 7.30 Tough guys: •Wake Me When the War is Over'. With Ken Berry and Eva Gabor. A US Army lieutenant is rescued from the Germans by an anti- Nazi widow. 8.50 Cartoon. 9.00 Lon- don. 10.10 Adults only.

TYNE TEES:

12.15 Toe 90. 12.45 London. 5.15 Bonanza. 6.10 London. Crowther's town. 7.00 6.15 No, that's here. 7.30 Film: me over "The Quick Gun'. With Audie Murphy London. and Merry Anders. 9.00 10.10 Theatre. i1.10 Frost. 12.10 Epilogue.

BORDER: 11.50

12.20 Phoenix five. 12.45 London S.

Big valley. 6.05 Border sports results. 6.10 London. 6.15 Crowther's in town.

No, 7.00 that's me over here. 7.30 'The Over-the-Hill Gang'. With Pat O'Brien, Walter Brennan and Gypsy Rose Lee. Western comedy. 9.00 Lon- don. 10.10 'The Exiles'. 11.10 On the house. 11.40 Love, American style.

SCOTTISH:

12.30 Wind in the wil- lows. 12.45 London. 6.15 Crowther's in town. 7.00 No, that's me over here. 7.30 "Tarzan and the Huntress'. With Tohnny Weissmuller oo London.

Brenda Joyce and Johnny Shetheld. 10.10 This is Tom Jones. 11.10 Match report. i1.25 SND Conference report. 11.35 Late call. 11.40 Don't watch •Frankenstein Meets the Wolf alone: Man'. With Lon Chaney Ir. patric Bela Lugosi, Ilona Massey and Knowles. GRAMPIAN: 12.30 Wind in the wil- lows. 12.45 London. 6.15 Crowther's in town. 7.00 No, that's me over here.

7.30 'Appointment Movie: in Lon- don'. With Dirk Bogarde, Dinah Sheri- dan and lan Hunter. War film about a omber command. 9.00 London.

10.10 Tom Jones. 11.05 Match This is report. i1.25 SND Conference report.

11.35 Untouchables. land. 4.45 London. 7.55 Screen. 10.00 London. 12.10 Weather. HTV (Wales) colour channel 41 and ITV (Cymru/Wales) black and white service above except: 12.10 Dan as sylw. 12.50 Sel a'i sylwedd.

ANGLIA: 11.00-1.25 London.

1.55 Weather trends. 2.00 Farming diary. 2.30 Jokers wild. 3.00 Randall and Hopkirk (deceased). 3.55 Match of the week. 4.40 London. 7.55 "The Notorious Landlady'. With Kim Nore Gridley finds is landlady very Jack Lemmon and Fred As- attractive-Scotland Yard suspects her of murdering her husband. 10.00 Lon- don. 12.10 Reflection. ATV MIDLANDS: 11.00-1.25 London.

1.30 Mr Piper. 1.45 London. 2.15 Star soccer. 3.15 "The Looters'. With Rory Calhoun, Julie Adams and Ray Danton. Two men set out to rescue the of survivors an airplane crash. 4.41 Tomorrow's horoscope. 4.45 Lon- don. 5.35 Forest rangers. 6.05 Lon- 7.55 Film: don. 'Sex and the Single Girl'. With Tony Curtis, Natalie Wo Met Fer Fonda, Lauren Bacall and Ferrer, Romantic comedy. 10.00 London. 10.10 This is . Tom Jones. 11.15 Saint, weather.

ULSTER: 12.10-1.30 London.

2.15 Sur- 2.45 London. vival. 3.45 Randall and Hopkirk (deceased). 4.45 London. 7.55 Movie: *Northwest Passage'. With Spencer Tracy, Robert Young and Walter Brennan. Story of Rogers' rangers and their trek across the American wilderness. 10.00 London. 10.15 This is . Tom Jones. 11.15 Prisoner.

YORKSHIRE:

11.00-1.30 London. 1.35 Calendar. 3.20 Cinderfella. With ery Farming diary. 2.25 Soccer. Lewis, Anna Maria Alberghetti, Wynn and. Judith Anderson.

Musical comedy 5.05 Room 222. 5.35 Lon- don. 7.55 Film: 'Halls of Montezuma'.

With Richard Widmark, Jack Palance, Reginald Gardiner and Robert Wag- War drama set ner. in the S Pacific. 10.00 London. 11.15 Frost. 12.15 Weather. GRANADA: 11.00 London. 1.25 All our yesterdays. 1.55 Flipper. 2.20 Foot- ball. 3.20 Quentin Durgens.

4.15 Sur- vival. 4.40 London. 7.55 Hollywood: 'The Seventh Cross'. With Spencer Tracy and Signe Hasso. Seven prison- ers in a concentration camp plan to escape from the Nazis. 10.00 London.

11.15 Frost.

TYNE TEES: 11.00

London. 1.25 All our yesterdavs. 1.55 Farming out- look. 2.25 Shoot. ( 3.20 Champions. 4.15 Nanny ny and the professor. 4.45 London. Film: "The from man Del With Anthony Quinn Rio'. and Katy Jurado. A Mexican killer hears that a famous gunman will be in town of Mesa and goes there to gun him down. 10.00 London. 10.15 This is Tom Jones. • 11.15 Challenge. 12 mid- night Epilogue.

BORDER:

11.00-1.25 London. 1.50 Diary. 1.55 Farming 2.20 outlook. Football. 3.20 Saint. 4.15 Making 4.40 "The whoopee. London. 7.55 With Elizabeth Taylor, Richard VIP' cl Burton, Orson Welles, Louis Jourdan, Rod Taylor. Maggie Smith and Mar- garet Rutherford. A fog-bound airport brings a group of people together whose lives are altered because of circumstances bevond their control. 10.00 London, 10.15 This is . Tom Jones. 11.15 Frost. 12.15 Epilogue.

SCOTTISH: 10.10

Dewar cup tennis 12.10-1.25 London. 1.45 All London. Film: "Heller in Pink Tights'. With Sophia Loren, Anthony Quinn and Steve Forrest. 9.45 Conference report. 10.00 Lon- don. 11.15 Frost. 12.I0 Late call.

GRAMPIAN:

12.10-1.25 London. 1.45 London. Training the family dog. 7.55 2.15 Farm 2.45 progress. 3.10 Matinee 4.45 London. Cinema: "Cash With James Garner and Natalie A financial wizard juggles corporations, shares and 9.45

SND

loans. Conference report. 10.00 London. 11.15 Frost. 12.10 Nocturn.

WORKERS PRES!

EDOUARD DALADIER, who died in Paris last weekend at the age of 86, was one of the main political tricksters of the French bourgeoisie in the last years of the Third Republic up to the outbreak of the Second World War. From the armistice in 1918 to July 1944 France had 44 govern- ments and 20 different Prime Ministers. Daladier held 15 ministerial portfolios and headed three gov- ernments. Though on his own account a 'peace-loving' man, he succeeded in being 1l times Minister of War (or National Defence, as euphem- ism frequently had it). Born into the petty bourgeoisie, -he was the son of a provincial baker—-he lived his life of politi- cal contortionism in the shadow cast by the workers' movement over the capitalist class.

And his natural vehicle was Party, the old, rotten Radical mouthing soiled phrases from the French Revolution in the name of 'democracy'. If there was one constant ele- ment in the career of this moth- democrat' it was elasticity.

eaten From standing with Commun- ist Party leader Thorez, raising a clenched-fist salute to hundreds of thousands of Paris workers at the Bastille in the hey-day of the Popular Front (1936), he came to be the darling of the extreme right wing when he returned from Munich in September 1938, having given Hitler the go-ahead for the mutilation of Czecho- slovakia. His first government (February- October 1933) was mainly notable for his proposal of a 6-per-cent cut in state wages in the budget.

He fell when the socialists withdrew their support on the question. But he took office again in January, 1934, when the Chautemps cabinet ingloriously succumbed the •Stavisky to Affair'. committed Serge Stavisky in early January 1934 suicide while under investigation for a involving the municipal fraud pawnshop in Bayonne. It emerged that he had widespread fraudu- lent dealings and close relations with numerous policemen, poli- ticians and judges. His trial had been postponed 19 times in which period he had dishonestly accumulated over 200 million francs. He was probably 'suicided' by the police to protect the poli- case was taken ticians, but the up by the extreme right wing and soon became a scandal of inter- national proportions. as one of the Daladier, few politicians senior radical not IT SEEMS that things have been Britain's universities and in any c afford them—especially since the ur to spend their time rioting at tl meaning and exploited taxpayer.

These might well be the opinions of a group of right wingers who feel themselves be well on the way to to putting things right by setting up a private enterprise £15 million university. A spokesman for the Inde- Planning pendent University Board said yesterday: 'As a result of the General Election we have better prospect of obtaining a char- ter. 'On the whole we have found Liberals and Conserva- tives more sympathetic to us than Labour supporters.' Possible sites for the uni- versity are being examined by the Board which is headed by Sir Sydney Caine. Enrolment The first students are expected to enrol in 1973 if a charter is granted and if, as it is confidently expected, industry and commerce finance the project. Underlying the proposal is a backlash response to stud- ent militancy which emerged not only as a threat to the of universities, but Structure also, in a latent sense, to the capitalist organization of society. ruling class The cannot afford to have the values on which their vicious system is built questioned. Such things could lead to change. Hence the independent university.

Students will pay to ensure that only the elite gain a place; courses relevant to the of modern society (of needs capitalism) will be empha- sized; the university will be a community close-knit (like Oxbridge or Eton and the other ruling-class training grounds); and, of course, the standard of teaching is to be 'exceptionally high'. Patrons This week the formation of a Board of Patrons was announced headed by Lord Alport followed by k2 other establishment figures includ-

YORKERS PRESS

Daladler thought to be implicated, was the natural successor to Chautemps.

But he was immediately faced with massive right-wing riots outside the National Assembly.

On February 6, egged on by most of his fellow parliamen- tarians, he ordered troops to fire, and several deaths resulted.

The dispersal of the riots was immediately followed by a mass- ive Strike, which General in Communist and Socialist workers united closely against the right- wing danger. Having incurred the fury of the extreme right, Daladier re- signed. But February 6 was sufficient to establish his creden- 'anti-fascist' tials as an After a spell in the cold, he A sit-in strike, June 1936 ... - gs have been getting out of hand in and in any case the country cannot y since the ungrateful students appear rioting at the expense of the well ing Sir William McEwan Younger, the Archbishop of York, the Earl of Cromer ord Caccia, Viscount Boyd and Lord Amulree. is the ruling-class This answer to student criticism.

This is their defence against the spread of revolutionary ideas. It is yet another facet of all-out attack the on working class which Tories are preparing to try to main- tain the capitalist system they operate. RICH FARE and even more satisfying talk of war on the working class the were on night's for Thursday menu City of London bankers' din- ner. For Lord Mayor openers, Sir Ian Bowater-their host- a mouth- set the tone with description of the watering vast field for British capital investment in Australia's 'fantastic natural resources'.

'Without that overseas in- vestment in which sphere this country in the past has dis- an undisputed exper- played tise, a leadership which others could follow but not over- take; without a sufficient supply of skilled enterprising and men, women, to engage in these undertakings, the vortex of this vast Aus- tralasian continent will suck into it peoples from other countries', he foamed, • Continued on page four

EAST & WEST

returned as deputy to Blum in the first Popular Front cabinet (June 1936), brought to office on the wave of sit-in strikes which swept France in the first half of that month. Foed temporarily our isid forced temporarily to ground, Daladier was their prin- cipal parliamentary foot in the door. He took over the premiership in April 1938, and in October went with Chamberlain to ap- pease Hitler at Munich. At this late date he still hoped that Hitler would agree to attack only East, and dismember the Soviét Union. Immediately after Munich he was faced with a general strike threat. Exploiting the cowardice and division of the union leaders, he set out to sabotage the action.

The act that best expresses his politics was his sacking (during the Stavisky riots) of the direc- 'Comedie Francaise' tor of the whose production of Shake- 'anti-democratic' "Corio- speare's lanus' the right was exciting wing. his Daladier In place appointed one of the chiefs of the Paris police! paid The French press •con- tan to Daladier's siderable • atte death, reflecting the hope of the French capitalists that in burying him they were burying their past.

But, at the most, they were bury- ing its odour.

THE TORY

govern- ment surprised nobody when it announced after Thursday's Cabinet meeting that the British Steel Corporation has the go-ahead to hoist its prices by 5 per cent. This will certainly raise prices of all sorts of manu- factured goods, but the Tories are not worried about that. Contemptuously brushing aside the Iron objections from and Steel Consumers' Council, repre- senting industrial steel-users, Technology Minister John Davies said the £60-million-a-year price rise could take place. And he followed this up with an even more serious threat.

CONCERNED

The government, he said, was concerned gravely about the deterioration in the BSC's fore- cast performance. writer, A YOUNG Soviet Vladimir Voinovitch, has pro- tested in the Moscow Literary Gazette' against the publica- tion of his uncompleted novel in a W German magazine run by Russian emigres. The hero of the novel (entitled The life and extra- ordinary adventures of the soldier Uvan Tchonkine') is apparently a sort of Soviet 'Gaod Soldier Schweik'. Through his escapades the author lampoons the idiocies of the bureaucracy.

PAGE THREE

white-slaving, fraud- all was grist

'IF YOU

want to know the way, their mills. But the ask a policeman!' diligent trickiest problems concerned the But you might have been con- aerial hi-jackings, OI fused in Brussels last week, recent v a matter of concern where lawmen trom • u/ coun- the western and their airlines tries were meeting for a confer- jittery insurance underwriters.

ence of Interpol, the international he worthy polcemen were in police organization. no mood for half-measures here.

popular proposal Delegates, representing virtually The most and of powerful all the capitalist instal canisters powers the were addressed sleeping gas in passenger their hangers-on. sealing it off from Belgian 'Justice' Minister and compartment, strike-breaker Vranck in the Bel- the flight deck. gian capital's Palace of Justice on The pilot, at the flick of could then the need to face 'the most serious despatch all switch, whatever their problems of modern society.

his intended lawful aesunanion, lo He was apparently mainly con- oblivion. cerned with the defence of It was not made clear whether, private property. in a recent létter (as suggested "The Then they got down to brass from Oxford University tacks in a series of secret com- is proposed to make missions. routine precaution before Smuggling, forgery, A TRIAL that went unremarked court became clear when Berlin barrister Herr Kaul, appearing for European capitalist press in the opened last week in Flensburg, a the

KPD,

raised the of the judges had whether small N German town. been a Nazi Party member under The under the terms of case, Hitler, and even member W German constitution, present-day Nazi the the organiza- which bans the Communist Party -the NDP (which has full tion- of Germany (KPD), was brought legal rights in the Republic).

Committee against the 'Action for the lifting of the ban In embarrassment, judges with- on the recently pub- drew

KPD'

which has to confer and returned to lished a proposed programme for their ruling that give they were the Party. legally required to answer not such a question! The matter was referred to the Court, rule out of by the They went on to previous which order most of the KPD witnesses, quashed mainly specialists in international decision. and constitutional law.

KPD

banned during The was the Cold War, with the approval Only the printer and legal forces in of the of the occupying publisher programme, Germany (the US, Britain and themselves accused in the case, were allowed to give evidence.

France). When Herr Kaul argued that

FICTION

the Karlsruhe court had applied outdated law under the political Recently it has in fact regained the Code, provisions of Penal under the fiction legal existence, the learned judges hastily of Action Committee being an retired. for its own re-establishment.

returned They to announce But the present case threatens that the was suspended case take away even this slender 'because insults the right. Karlsruhe court'. No date was The character of the Flensburg set for it to resume. From our industrial correspondent glad to see that the Consumers' According Davies, to it Was notified on August 6 of a BSC Council shares the government's on the need to proposal centre averag prices view streamline the corporation involving some 5 per cent on average. hiving-off of activities.' and Steel Con- "The Iron Some here refers hiving-off' sumers' Council considered this to plans, well which are already Sep- proposal and reported on advanced, split the nation- 14 that tember recommending alized corporation down the mid- the should be dle and sell off the most profit- increase nol implemented. able, bargain-basement parts prices to private investors.

'Since receiving this report, government has been the informed by

BSC

of further Chad its economic loss on its situation involving a operations in the current dictator accounting year.'

RECOUP

blames And do . the Tories how intend to recoup this loss? There are no prizes for the answer: 'overseas 'We will expect the BSC to make great efforts to specify and enemies' financial objectives. attain There is only this one way and that be attained is by TOMBALBAYE, puppet ruler of Call pushing forward the BSC's speed- of Chad, the French ex-colony up and productivity plans, which called the armed opposition has involve pushing. out almost to his regime 'bandits trained by 200,000 workers in the next five an international' Mafia, which has years. brought into

HIVING-OFF

unpatriotic elements Insinuating that the liberation And Davies made no secret struggle is sponsored by neigh- of the reason for this concern bouring governments he said: for efficiency. enemies Oul ovciscas have taken other steps against "The government,' he said, 'is What they want, in their US. expansionist dreams, the destruction of Chad.' Tombalbaye was speaking on a radio broadcast following the 11 French death troops ambushed by liberation forces in the North. He, and his masters in Paris, are now obliged to use the most threadbare stories to cover the

FROLINA,

the main fact that The frequent appearance in liberation organization, has the the western press of writings support or sympathy of large sections of the population. by Soviet opponents of Stalin- As "foreign conspiracies, ism has led to the suspicion LO Libya recently clamped down on that the 'security' forces them- border Chad, its with follow- selves pass such manuscripts ing the agreement to purchase secretly to western publishers France! Mirage aircraft from According to FROLINA leader in order .to brand their authors as anti-Soviet'. Abba-Siddick, they have no con- tact with Sudanese forces.

And the Stalinists took a clear Solzhenitsyn, recently 'Pravda' last position Nobel prize for awarded the November opposed libera- the literature, has retained tion movement and praised Tom- lawyer in Switzerland to pre- balbaye for 'having taken as his publication first objective guaranteeing unauthorized of his work abroad. national stability'.

PAGE FOUR

O'Brien

• FROM PAGE THREE

For real red how- meat, ever, the ravening diners had in which political preparation

FROM PAGE ONE

to wait for Bank of England governor Sir Leslie O'Brien.

question was the essential Until a satisfactory incomes for the working as for class policy be he could devised, the ruling class. felt the would government have to stand up to strikes. 'A

ORGANIZE

policy of industrial confronta- tion is probably, therefore, a

INDUSTRIAL

temporary necessity.

ACTION NOW!

The final was pro- vided by Chancellor of the The crisis General Election Exchequer Anthony Barber. of June 1970 necessary was who warned the assembled for the employers to get direct gourmands that tax cuts control of government to čom- promised in his party's elec- plete their plans. tion manifesto-would entail They have relied on Feather.

difficult and often unpopular and on leaders like T&GWU decisions: secretary Jack Jones in the 'We have set our hand to dock

GKN-

strike the and the task and we are determ- Sankey dispute, to hold back ined to carry it through.'

the workers while they pro- But if the guests were only céed. Now the TUC delivers an extremely serious blow against ure of more to come as th the whole trade union move- Tory offensive hots up

PUBLIC LECTURES

Elements of Marxism The importance of Marxist philosophy in the isthe building of the revolutionary party.

Three lectures by

G. HEALY

(National Secretary of the Socialist Labour League)

DAGENHAM

OXFORD

Monday October 19 Thursday October 22 Monday October 26 Thursday October 29 Monday November 2 Thursday November 5 Kay's Restaurant Northgate Hall 70rad pane Oxford Ilford. 8 p.m. Three lectures by

M. BANDA

(Editor of Workers Press)

ACTON

BLACKFRIARS

Thursday October 29 Monday October 26 Thursday November 5 Monday November 2 Thursday November 12 Monday November 9 'Kings Head' Friars Hall High Street Blackfriars Road Acton. 8 p.m. SEI. 8 p.m. Two lectures by Sunday October 25 Sunday November 1

G. HEALY

Partick Burgh Hall in Glasgow (nr Merkland St tube)

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LATE NEWS

pects can be arrested and de- tained without bail for up to They also be 90 days. may

SPECIAL POWERS

held brought without being

CANADA

IN before a judge for up to 21 Canadian prime minister days. Pierre Trudeau took special Police are given' to right to yesterday under the powers enter and search, without a deal War Measures Act to warrant, any p'emises sus- with the Quebec kidnap crisis.

pected of harbouring subver- Federal troops were moved sive persons. into Montreal on Thursday as the search went on for Labour Minister Robert Laporte and

'SANCTION' OVER ARMS

Briish diplomat James Cross, Żambian president Kaunda held hostage by the separatist that suggested yesterday Quebec Liberation Front Britain should be 'sanctioned'

(FLO)

which outlawed was if the Tories' S African arms yesterday. outlawin described deal goes ahead. In the FLO the regulations the organization as a group 'who advocate the use of force or the commission of crime as a Workers aid Registered as a news newspaper of, in, means or as an accomplishing a governmental 186a High Street. Press. change Canada and London, within 180b Clapham High who have resorted to the com- Street, condon. London, Printed by Plough Press of serious crimes in- mission The TUC General Council they h is cringing before the Tory attack, offering its services to the class enemy. But the working class, in one dispute after another, is fighting deter- minedly against the employers and the government. The militancy and determin- ation of the council workers, in face of organized scabbing and a ruthless and lying press campaign, have brought vic- tory within their grasp. Now is the time to organ- ize action against the govern- ment's anti-union laws. The Liverpool Trades Council's and the Lucas workers' call GKN- for a one-day strike against must be taken up the law everywhere. It is absolutely right to demand such a course action from the TUC; but the action must be prepared and independently organized of these the of response treacherous leaders. A one-day strike against laws, to the anti-union initiate a campaign of indus- trial action to force the government to resign! There can be no bargaining government. They with the are carrying out the require- ments of their class. They treat Feather with contempt.

They have been charged with the task of smashing the trade union movement. That is the meaning of their laws.

THE LESSONS

OF 1926 We are in a period like that of 1925-1926, before the General Strike. Then the Tory government of the day, follow- ing their granting of a subsidy on miners' wages in July 1925 — a concession made in face of united trade union support for the miners-set about organizing the infamous 'Organization for the Main- tenance of Supplies' (a civilian guard) and placed all regions under specially-appointed Ministers. Regional secret conferences were called in the intervening months to discuss transport and police arrangements for the General Strike. The Tories of today have been preparing since the defeat of Wilson's anti-union laws in June 1969. Their changes at the top indicate with what thorough- ness they have learned the lessons of history • and the seriousness of the situation.

But the miserable TUC leaders not only do not learn the lessons of history. They are determined to serve their friends even Tory more slavishly than did J. H. Thomas and the General Council of 1926. Then, the General Council, 'right' and 'left', sold out after nine days of strike. This time

FROM PAGE ONE

areas, the government had made it clear that in re- viewing its regional policy it would still mean to pre- serve some differentials.

But the degree of such differentials; Davies said, would require 'close analysis' -and this already was underway. Dealt with He also announced that the future of bodies such as the ' Industrial Reorgan- ization Corporation and the Prices and Incomes Board would be relatively quickly dealt with. There would be early statements to parliament on some of the decisions con- cerned. • Steel price rises given go-ahead. See page 3. Arafat

• FROM PAGE ONE

correspondent, the Egyptian Information Minister and close confidante of Nasser, Mohammed Heykal, has now revealed that Nasser was in- flexibly resolved to carry out the terms of the Rogers- Gromyko plan. Nasser's last message to President Nixon, delivered to US Treasury secretary Elliott Richardson five hours before the president's death, was a symbolic that reassurance Egypt was still seeking a Mid- East settlement based on the 1967 UN Security Council.

Nasser, he explains, told Arafat: 'I have explained to you from the beginning that we could not help the Palestinian resistance by military action because we would be leaving Israel and fighting Jordan'.

Arafat's real attitude to im- perialism and Nasser was fur- ther revealed by Heykal. He recalls how Arafat asked Nasser to cable Brezhnev (co- author of the Mid-East carve- up) to exert the utmost pres- sure on the US not to intervene in Jordan! Al one point during the Cairo summit meeting called to settle the Jordan crisis, Heykal recalls that Arafat arrived in towering rage determined for a Jordan show- 'no matter what the down consequences will be'. Nasser I have replied: burned my blood during the past few days to protect you.

Nothing would have been easier to me than to issue a strong statement declaring my support vou and grant you a broadcasting station to say what you please against the King ... Then relax and sit back to watch. But with conscience my and responsibility I do not accept that.' they haul doore the bat and

THE ROLE

OF

STALINISM

The Party's Star tells its readers (ane dies els is readers against from i down of the together ston immediate ent. It bringing down of the govern

NOW IS

THE

TIME

TO FIGHT

that here time so toe by and demon et a deceanoil miners Mobilize niemehole movemen: Congress comment

FROM PAGE ONE

FROM PACE ON Part of "The problem is : that when deat the kind or te sation.

GERRY

have nowheat is the point of having a Congress Should +* no one li port clos amendmen und these demands inced mean the closure of th South Liverpoo Saturday, October 17, 1970

WORKER PREDO

Defection exposes sordid REGGIO CALABRIA is in a state of armed truce, with occasional shooting, as the political parties desperately seek a sowuon co me links erupting social crisis of the Italian South.

Police with cranes and On Dunaozers, and -witn armea support, alsmanuied Darricaues I Wt

THREE

members of Wednesday and Thursday to allow in a shipload of port area on State the Bucharest fresh police and 1,500 troops.

ballet company Opera But no one doubts that have defected while on the barricades will go up a tour of Greece, ex- araln. posing the continuing mediate issue is close relations between Catanzaro the E European Stalin- smaller ists and the colonels' repressive munist dictatorshipcom alli - Cull The 112-member balleı one of the poorest come ot decate ot neglet forces under cono ne seeking of the labour nadonal movement started with the refusa, walca the refusal of selves med o esse • the whole of endly which thes br nó some or another Stalinists the

FORCED SUPPORT

Greece. The grew strike. which Rotting Meanwhi e chambers nehing on are Demonstrators in Reggio Calabria face armed police outside police headquarters this week.

the the Greck police frontier to the social crisis, let alone it serg tha th Another Matea ha ve been ansi e sroa nt ten- isAn kind of Hran Th defection A d agora la EIGHTY-SEVEN Rome mem delared his ordeposition to the forcest it is the fusional banke rusca! Mice derela)

BY A FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT

, hat provide d BOLIVIAN tin-miners — whose have been on mhich these elemes ts surish.

strike since new president Juan Torres was

OCCUPATION

installed with union leaders' support last week— oe besin ind Socis have taken the headquarters of the over

VAC AN

nationalized mining corporation Comibol.

nae toar shella be conti med The workers look over Comibol's offices in the Oruro veteran reformist Juan pol vo for a brutal reveng centre of the tin-mining area, Léchin. govern- soin pe prey and announced plans for its They disbanded the special total reorganization'. Comeb Ps primiesed barked ate will be resumed Turkish the Disbanded Tine occupation it of the "demo- Workers abour leaders to face up to Confederation led death Leeds buses coup stop again ae ered the wokes Yor the hoe poses LEEDS was student and fon hin lae IRISH Finance Minis- ter George Colley an-

ALL TRADES

participa-

UNIONS ALLIANCE

nounced a year's 6 per

BY A WORKERS PRESS

T anion, Bich

MEETINGS

Workers' cent wages norm and

CORRESPONDENI

Vague talk 36s wage rise ceiling in his budget speech to local level tor seriem press at the Dail in Dublin upan m svernmenl yesterday. iners anc sard his bres do s promise as nahe to hae tic nih Mese tead, fale lengthy , Siapham

WEATHER

Albert Pub, Balf The Republic sever Wo-ope dain Sober voi ded aa Boil nationalized. a imitay int meren cy drea emigration nat hirst Scolan demera l clearly preparing Help the Young Socialists 22 mor ia est and ea dies ol make their em- Union bred rask nal ine Nw scorland. Bosewner ence,

GRAND XMAS

arre in tromt

BAZAARS

closure demanded a great success By an industrial reporter If you are able to sew, knit, paint and can make their anti the Trash workers ion asainst goods for our bazaars. If you can give us jumble.

gifts, tins of grocery. Please contact Young Socialists or has told Bazaars, 186a Clapham High Street, London, SW4.

Ballot results wma de mecem bre move anchi astai viabre govOne

THE BAZAARS ARE AT:

"dock next Friday bard nas deliber Sain mue a wiem ber

LONDON

SLMNN

Saturdav. November 28 Saturdav. December 12 ended at mid ay Corn Exchange re-development of the more Doors open 12 noon said ahi with publi anter wass higher and They also wat tne wages.